TABLE 3—
No-Show Appointment Proportion Regression Models Examining Number of Social Needs and Specific Social Need Categories for Patients at an Urban Health System, Stratified by Age Groups and Comorbidity Scores: Bronx, NY, April 2018–July 2019
| Children (< 18 Years), No-Show Proportion, % (95% CI) |
Adults (≥ 18 Years), No-Show Proportion, % (95% CI) |
Lower Comorbidity Score (< 3), No-Show Proportion, % (95% CI) |
Higher Comorbidity Score (≥ 3), No-Show Proportion, % (95% CI) |
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| Model 2a | Model 3b | Model 2c | Model 3d | Model 2e | Model 3f | Model 2g | Model 3h | |
| No. of needs | ||||||||
| None | 27.6 (27.0, 28.2) | . . . | 25.7 (25.2, 26.2) | . . . | 28.7 (28.1, 29.4) | . . . | 22.9 (22.3, 23.4) | . . . |
| ≥ 1 | 32.3*** (31.2, 33.3) | . . . | 31.1*** (30.3, 32.0) | . . . | 34.8*** (33.5, 36.1) | . . . | 27.7*** (26.8, 28.6) | . . . |
| 1 | 31.1*** (29.9, 32.3) | . . . | 29.5*** (28.5, 30.5) | . . . | 33.7*** (32.0, 35.3) | . . . | 25.9*** (24.8, 27.0) | . . . |
| 2 | 33.3*** (31.4, 35.2) | . . . | 31.5*** (30.1, 32.8) | . . . | 35.0*** (32.6, 37.3) | . . . | 28.0*** (26.5, 29.6) | . . . |
| ≥ 3 | 34.1*** (32.1, 36.2) | . . . | 33.7*** (32.4, 35.1) | . . . | 37.1*** (34.1, 40.1) | . . . | 30.2*** (28.8, 31.6) | . . . |
| Housing-quality need | ||||||||
| No | 28.3 (27.7, 28.9) | 28.4 (27.8, 29.0) | 26.5 (26.0, 27.1) | 26.7 (26.1, 27.2) | 29.5 (28.8, 30.1) | 29.6 (28.9, 30.2) | 23.8 (23.2, 24.4) | 24.0 (23.4, 24.6) |
| Yes | 31.5*** (30.1, 33.0) | 29.3 (27.9, 30.8) | 30.4*** (29.1, 31.7) | 27.3 (26.0, 28.6) | 34.5*** (32.2, 36.8) | 30.9 (28.5, 33.3) | 27.0*** (25.7, 28.4) | 24.4 (23.0, 25.7) |
| Housing-security need | ||||||||
| No | 28.3 (27.7, 28.9) | 28.4 (27.8, 29.0) | 26.4 (25.9, 27.0) | 26.5 (26.0, 27.1) | 29.4 (28.8, 30.0) | 29.4 (28.8, 30.0) | 23.7 (23.1, 24.3) | 23.8 (23.2, 24.4) |
| Yes | 33.5*** (31.2, 35.7) | 29.8 (27.6, 32.0) | 32.9*** (31.6, 34.3) | 29.7*** (28.2, 31.2) | 37.1*** (34.4, 39.8) | 33.6** (30.8, 36.4) | 29.4*** (28.0, 30.8) | 26.5*** (25.0, 28.1) |
| Food-security need | ||||||||
| No | 28.3 (27.7, 28.9) | 28.5 (27.9, 29.1) | 26.5 (26.0, 27.1) | 26.8 (26.2, 27.3) | 29.5 (28.9, 30.1) | 29.7 (29.0, 30.3) | 23.8 (23.2, 24.4) | 24.1 (23.4, 24.7) |
| Yes | 32.1*** (30.3, 33.9) | 28.2 (26.4, 30.0) | 31.0*** (29.8, 32.2) | 26.3 (25.1, 27.4) | 34.3*** (31.8, 36.8) | 28.7 (26.3, 31.1) | 27.8*** (26.6, 29.0) | 23.7 (22.5, 24.9) |
| Utilities shut-off need | ||||||||
| No | 28.4 (27.8, 29.0) | 28.5 (27.9, 29.1) | 26.6 (26.1, 27.1) | 26.6 (26.1, 27.2) | 29.5 (28.9, 30.1) | 29.5 (28.9, 30.2) | 23.9 (23.3, 24.5) | 23.9 (23.3, 24.5) |
| Yes | 31.9** (29.6, 34.1) | 28.7 (26.6, 30.8) | 33.0*** (31.2, 34.8) | 29.5** (27.6, 31.3) | 37.4*** (33.6, 41.2) | 32.7 (28.9, 36.5) | 29.4*** (27.6, 31.3) | 26.6** (24.7, 28.4) |
| Health care–transportation need | ||||||||
| No | 28.1 (27.5, 28.7) | 28.1 (27.5, 28.7) | 26.3 (25.8, 26.9) | 26.4 (25.8, 26.9) | 29.4 (28.8, 30.0) | 29.5 (28.8, 30.1) | 23.5 (22.9, 24.0) | 23.5 (22.9, 24.1) |
| Yes | 38.9*** (36.4, 41.4) | 36.6*** (33.9, 39.3) | 34.8*** (33.5, 36.1) | 32.4*** (30.9, 33.9) | 38.6*** (35.7, 41.5) | 34.1** (30.8, 37.4) | 31.1*** (29.7, 32.4) | 29.4*** (27.9, 30.9) |
| Health care–cost need | ||||||||
| No | 28.4 (27.8, 29.0) | 28.4 (27.8, 29.0) | 26.5 (25.9, 27.0) | 26.6 (26.1, 27.2) | 29.4 (28.8, 30.0) | 29.5 (28.9, 30.1) | 23.7 (23.1, 24.3) | 23.9 (23.3, 24.5) |
| Yes | 36.8*** (33.7, 39.9) | 30.3 (27.4, 33.1) | 33.2*** (31.7, 34.6) | 28.4* (26.8, 29.9) | 37.1*** (33.9, 40.2) | 32.3 (29.3, 35.3) | 29.6*** (28.1, 31.1) | 25.3 (23.7, 26.9) |
| Getting-along need | ||||||||
| No | 28.4 (27.8, 29.0) | 28.4 (27.8, 29.0) | 26.6 (26.1, 27.1) | 26.7 (26.1, 27.2) | 29.5 (28.9, 30.1) | 29.5 (28.9, 30.2) | 23.9 (23.3, 24.5) | 24.0 (23.4, 24.6) |
| Yes | 33.9*** (31.5, 36.4) | 31.3* (28.9, 33.8) | 30.9*** (29.5, 32.4) | 27.9 (26.4, 29.3) | 34.4*** (31.9, 37.0) | 31.4 (28.8, 33.9) | 27.8*** (26.1, 29.4) | 24.9 (23.3, 26.5) |
| Care need | ||||||||
| No | 28.4 (27.8, 29.0) | 28.4 (27.8, 29.0) | 26.7 (26.1, 27.2) | 26.7 (26.2, 27.3) | 29.6 (29.0, 30.2) | 29.6 (29.0, 30.2) | 24.0 (23.4, 24.6) | 24.0 (23.4, 24.6) |
| Yes | 31.2** (29.4, 33.0) | 29.0 (27.2, 30.7) | 31.2*** (29.4, 33.1) | 27.5 (25.6, 29.3) | 34.9** (31.3, 38.4) | 31.3 (27.9, 34.7) | 27.8*** (25.8, 29.8) | 24.3 (22.3, 26.3) |
| Legal need | ||||||||
| No | 28.3 (27.8, 28.9) | 28.4 (27.8, 29.0) | 26.6 (26.1, 27.1) | 26.7 (26.1, 27.2) | 29.5 (28.9, 30.1) | 29.5 (28.9, 30.2) | 23.9 (23.3, 24.5) | 24.0 (23.4, 24.6) |
| Yes | 33.7*** (31.3, 36.2) | 30.5 (28.1, 32.9) | 32.9*** (31.1, 34.7) | 27.9 (26.2, 29.6) | 38.1*** (34.0, 42.3) | 32.5 (28.7, 36.2) | 29.1*** (27.3, 30.9) | 24.8 (23.0, 26.6) |
| Safety need | ||||||||
| No | 28.5 (27.9, 29.1) | 28.5 (27.9, 29.1) | 26.7 (26.2, 27.3) | 26.7 (26.2, 27.3) | 29.6 (29.0, 30.2) | 29.6 (29.0, 30.2) | 24.0 (23.4, 24.6) | 24.0 (23.4, 24.6) |
| Yes | 33.4** (29.4, 37.4) | 27.8 (24.4, 31.3) | 30.9*** (28.8, 33.1) | 26.7 (24.6, 28.8) | 36.4*** (32.1, 40.8) | 31.8 (27.5, 36.0) | 27.2** (24.9, 29.5) | 23.4 (21.1, 25.7) |
Note. CI = confidence interval.
Sample size varies from n = 15 371 to n= 15 503; adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, preferred language, payer, public housing status, and Elixhauser comorbidity score.
Sample size n = 15 048; adjusted for each social need, age, sex, race/ethnicity, preferred language, payer, area-based poverty, public housing status, and Elixhauser comorbidity score.
Sample size varies from n = 25 904 to n = 26 134; adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, preferred language, payer, public housing status, and Elixhauser comorbidity score.
Sample size n = 25 202; adjusted for each social need, age, sex, race/ethnicity, preferred language, payer, area-based poverty, public housing status, and Elixhauser comorbidity score.
Sample size varies from n = 12 497 to n = 12 614; adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, preferred language, payer, public housing status, and Elixhauser comorbidity score.
Sample size n = 12 184; adjusted for each social need, age, sex, race/ethnicity, preferred language, payer, area-based poverty, public housing status, and Elixhauser comorbidity score.
Sample size varies from n = 13 407 to n = 13 520; adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, preferred language, payer, public housing status, and Elixhauser comorbidity score.
Sample size n = 13 018; adjusted for each social need, age, sex, race/ethnicity, preferred language, payer, area-based poverty, public housing status, and Elixhauser comorbidity score.
P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001.