Table 2. Associations between breakfast consumption frequency, milk intake, physical activity, TV watching, computer time, and physical fitness in boys and girls.
| Characteristics | 50-m sprint (s) (mean±SD) | Standing long jump (cm) (mean±SD) | 1,000-m run (boys) and 800-m (girls) (s) (mean±SD) | Vital capacity (mL) (mean±SD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys, n=959 | ||||
| Breakfast consumption frequency | ||||
| Breakfast skippers (<6 days/w), n=127 | 7.61±0.64† | 223.89±22.93 | 253.06±31.40† | 3,556.25±741.47† |
| Non-breakfast-skippers (≥6 days/w), n=832 | 7.51±0.53 | 226.25±22.44 | 242.02±23.85 | 3,773.95±682.02 |
| Milk intake | ||||
| ≤2 days/week, n=390 | 7.56±0.60 | 224.43±22.56 | 248.50±29.25† | 3,707.53±737.334 |
| ≥3-5 days/week, n=569 | 7.49±0.50 | 226.98±22.43 | 240.04±21.43 | 3,773.62±661.32 |
| Physical activity | ||||
| <30 min/day, n=600 | 7.51±0.57 | 226.73±22.95 | 245.20±26.41† | 3,771.02±692.51 |
| ≥30 min/day, n=359 | 7.53±0.50 | 224.63±21.71 | 240.61±22.90 | 3,701.82±694.54 |
| TV watching | ||||
| <30 min/day, n=726 | 7.50±0.54 | 226.74±22.08 | 241.40±23.64† | 3,801.26±676.35† |
| ≥30 min/day, n=233 | 7.58±0.57 | 223.44±23.65 | 249.97±28.77 | 3,570.19±719.08 |
| Computer use | ||||
| <30 min/ day, n=462 | 7.50±0.52 | 226.75±21.65 | 239.72±22.13† | 3,782.38±705.31 |
| ≥30 min/day, n=497 | 7.54±0.57 | 225.19±23.27 | 246.98±27.37 | 3,710.48±681.65 |
| Girls, n=890 | ||||
| Breakfast consumption frequency | ||||
| Breakfast skippers (<6 days/w), n=98 | 9.01±0.57 | 170.27±16.16† | 229.66±20.07 | 2,682.56±456.79 |
| Non-breakfast-skippers (≥6 days/w), n=792 | 8.96±0.55 | 175.61±17.08 | 231.39±18.40 | 2,710.43±489.95 |
| Milk intake | ||||
| ≤2 days/week, n=418 | 9.03±0.58† | 172.58±17.03† | 234.15±19.90† | 2,708.60±498.48 |
| ≥3-5 days/week, n=472 | 8.91±0.52 | 177.19±16.80 | 228.58±19.95 | 2,706.27±475.67 |
| Physical activity | ||||
| <30 min/day, n=552 | 9.01±0.57† | 174.16±22.95† | 233.82±18.22† | 2,700.23±483.67 |
| ≥30 min/day, n=338 | 8.89±0.50 | 176.42±21.71 | 226.91±18.42 | 2,791.00±491.24 |
| TV watching | ||||
| <30 min/day, n=652 | 8.95±0.55† | 176.52±17.16† | 230.26±18.43† | 2,728.55±475.97† |
| ≥30 min/day, n=238 | 9.03±0.56 | 170.92±16.10 | 233.77±18.83 | 2,649.32±509.87 |
| Computer use | ||||
| <30 min/day, n=902 | 7.50±0.52† | 226.75±21.65† | 239.72±22.13† | 3,782.38±705.31 |
| ≥30 min/day, n=947 | 7.54±0.57 | 225.19±23.27 | 246.98±27.37 | 3,710.48±681.65 |
SD, standard deviation.
Data were expressed as means and standards deviations and were analyzed using t-tests.
†
p<0.05.