Table 2.

Therapeutic possibilities for coagulative alterations in SARS-CoV-2 infection

Drug	Action	Effects	Ref.
Low-molecular-weight heparin	Anti-inflammatory action	Reduction of neutrophil chemotaxis; diminished leukocyte migration; effect on histones; action on NF-kB and MAPK pathways	[29, 95–104]
Unfractionated heparin	Anticoagulant properties Anti-inflammatory action	Interactions with antiviral therapy	[29, 95–104]
Thrombolytic agents	Elimination of microclots	Stimulation of endogenous plasmin	[105–107]
Complement inhibitors	Reduced pulmonary injury	Diminished cytokine response	[50, 79–81]
NE, PDA4, gasdermin 4 inhibitors (silvelestat, elafil, alvelestat, lonodelestat, CHF6333), DNAse	NETs inhibition	Action on plasma-kallicrein-kinin system; reduction of inflammation; action on micro-thrombosis	[35, 45, 108–112]
ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers	Reduction of inflammatory cytokines	Reduction of inflammatory and thrombotic processes evoked by angiotensin II hyperactivity	[92–94]