Table 5.
Annual incidence of hospitalized childhood community-acquired pneumonia between 2011 and 2012.
| Characteristics | Incidence (no. of cases per 100,000 children per year) |
Relative Changes in Incidence (2011 vs 2012) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 2011 | 2012 | Percentage (95% CI) | P value | |
| Total | 69.5 | 78.5 | 60.3 | −30 (−40 to −20) | <0.001 |
| Age group (year-old) | |||||
| <2 | 69.8 | 93.5 | 49.6 | −47 (−68 to −12) | 0.01 |
| 2-5 | 229.7 | 270.3 | 187.1 | −31 (−43 to −16) | <0.001 |
| >5 | 30.5 | 30.0 | 31.1 | 3.6 (−20 to 33.6) | 0.8 |
| Pathogen | |||||
| S. pneumoniae | 21.4 | 25.2 | 17.5 | −37 (−52 to −18) | 0.001 |
| M. pneumoniae | 15.6 | 16.6 | 14.6 | −20 (−41 to 8) | 0.2 |
| Adenovirus | 5.4 | 8.9 | 1.7 | −83 (−91 to −65) | <0.001 |
| Influenza | 4.2 | 3.7 | 4.8 | 15.3 (−36 to 107) | 0.6 |
| Respiratory syncytial virus | 3.0 | 3.4 | 2.7 | −28 (−64 to 44) | 0.4 |
| Parainfluenza | 2.3 | 2.8 | 1.7 | −45 (−76 to 27) | 0.16 |
| Human metapneumovirus | 0.9 | 1.3 | 0.6 | −60 (−90 to 53) | 0.2 |
| Virus-bacteria coinfection | 8.4 | 10.3 | 6.5 | −43 (−63 to −12) | 0.01 |
| Requiring ICU admission | 18.1 | 25.4 | 10.6 | −67 (−72 to −48) | <0.001 |
| Sublobar pneumonia | 16.4 | 19.0 | 13.7 | −35 (−52 to −12) | 0.005 |
| Lobar pneumonia | 36.3 | 38.0 | 34.6 | −18 (−33 to 1) | 0.06 |
| Pneumonia with pleural effusion | 9.0 | 10.6 | 7.4 | −37 (−58 to −5) | 0.02 |
| Complicated pneumonia | 7.5 | 10.7 | 4.4 | −63 (−77 to −40) | <0.001 |