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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Res. 2020 Apr 25;186:109573. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109573

Table 4.

Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) Selected 24-Hour Urinary Metal Concentrations as Predictors of DNA Methylation Age

Models Difference in DNA Methylation Age (95% CI) P
PhenoAge
Mna (ng/mL) 9.93 (1.24, 18.61) 0.03
Mnb (ng/mL) with Diseases 10.20 (−0.07, 20.47) 0.05
Pheno AgeAccel
Mna (ng/mL) 9.93 (1.24, 18.61) 0.03
Mnb (ng/mL) with Diseases 10.20 (−0.07, 20.47) 0.05
a

Main model adjusted for chronological age, year of visit, pack years, smoking status, season, alcohol consumption, education, GFR, BMI, and white blood cell proportions.

b

Sensitivity analysis model adjusted for Model “a” covariates and diabetes, hypertension, and ischemic heart disease.

All metals with the exception of Mn were log transformed to achieve normal distributions for the analyses. P values < 0.05 are italicized and considered statistically significant in these analyses.