Table 1.
Baseline clinical and laboratory characteristics of of patients on admission.
| Total (264) | Survival (212) | Non-survival (52) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 264 | 212 | 52 | |
| Male, n(%) | 130 (49.2) | 97 (45.8) | 33 (63.5) | 0.022 |
| Age, years | 64.5 (53.3–74.0) | 62.5 (52.0–70.0) | 74.5 (65.3–81.8) | <0.001 |
| Time from hospital admission to outcome, days |
35.0 (20.0–44.8) | 38.0 (29.0–47.8) | 5.0 (3.0–10.8) | <0.001 |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Hypertension (n[%]) |
100 (37.9) | 73 (34.4) | 27 (51.9) | 0.02 |
| Diabetes, n(%) |
41 (15.5) | 33 (15.6) | 8 (15.4) | 0.964 |
| Coronary heart diseas, n(%) | 32 (12.1) | 14 (6.6) | 18 (34.6) | <0.001 |
| Chronic obstructive lung disease, n(%) |
8 (3.0) | 6 (2.8) | 2 (3.8) | 0.702 |
| Carcinoma, n(%) | 12 (4.5) | 9 (4.2) | 3 (5.8) | 0.637 |
| Chronic kidney disease n(%) | 9 (3.4) | 7 (3.3) | 2 (3.8) | 0.847 |
| Chronic liver disease n(%) | 14 (5.3) | 10 (4.7) | 4 (7.7) | 0.392 |
| Other n(%) | 80 (30.3) | 66 (31.1) | 14 (26.9) | 0.554 |
| symptom | ||||
| Fever (temperature ≥ 37.3 °C) n(%) | 247 (93.6) | 197 (92.9) | 50 (96.2) | 0.538 |
| Cough n(%) | 204 (77.3) | 160 (75.5) | 44 (84.6) | 0.159 |
| Sputum n(%) | 58 (22.0) | 46 (21.7) | 12 (23.1) | 0.830 |
| Myalgia n(%) | 32 (12.1) | 25 (11.8) | 7 (13.5) | 0.741 |
| Fatigue n(%) | 56 (21.2) | 44 (20.8) | 12 (23.1) | 0.714 |
| Diarrhoea n(%) | 10 (3.8) | 7 (3.3) | 3 (5.8) | 0.419 |
| Nausea or vomiting n(%) | 8 (3.0) | 6 (2.8) | 2 (3.8) | 0.658 |
| Red blood cell, ×1012/L | 4.0 ± 0.6 | 4.0 ± 0.6 | 4.0 ± 0.7 | 0.603 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 123.4 ± 17.2 | 123.0 ± 16.2 | 124.9 ± 21.1 | 0.549 |
| White blood cell, ×109/L | 5.9 (4.0–8.1) | 5.4 (3.7–7.2) | 8.7 (5.8–13.5) | <0.001 |
| Lymphocyte, ×109/L | 0.9 (0.6–1.2) | 0.9 (0.7–1.3) | 0.6 (0.4–0.9) | <0.001 |
| Neutrophil, ×109/L | 4.4 (2.4–6.5) | 3.9 (2.3–5.5) | 7.7 (4.7–11.9) | <0.001 |
| Monocyte, ×109/L | 0.4 (0.3–0.6) | 0.4 (0.3–0.6) | 0.4 (0.3–0.5) | 0.617 |
| Platelet, ×109/L | 204.0 (155.3–269.8) | 212.0 (162.0–275.0) | 181.5 (107.3–227.5) | <0.001 |
| Albumin, g/L | 35.6 ± 4.4 | 36.3 ± 4.0 | 32.7 ± 5.0 | <0.001 |
| Alanine aminotransferase, U/L | 26.5 (18.0–47.8) | 26.5 (18.0–46.0) | 26.5 (18.3–57.5) | 0.564 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase, U/L | 31.0 (23.0–47.0) | 29.0 (23.0–41.0) | 49.0 (28.3–74.8) | <0.001 |
| Creatine kinase, U/L | 66.0 (38.3–113.8) | 61.5 (37.3–106.8) | 85.0 (57.0–140.8) | 0.005 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L | 307.0 (233.0–436.8) | 282.5 (224.3–381.0) | 544.0 (367.3–748.8) | <0.001 |
| Total bilirubin, μmol/L | 10.2 (7.9–15.1) | 9.6 (7.5–14.0) | 15.2 (10.1–24.2) | <0.001 |
| Blood urea nitrogen, mmol/L | 5.2 (4.0–8.2) | 4.9 (3.8–7.2) | 8.9 (6.6–15.8) | <0.001 |
| D-dimer, μg/L | 1.1 (0.5–4.1) | 0.9 (0.4–1.9) | 7.1 (1.7–17.1) | <0.001 |
| Prothrombin time, s | 12.2 (11.6–12.7) | 12.0 (11.5–12.6) | 12.7 (12.0–13.8) | <0.001 |
| Cardiac troponin I-ultra, ng/mL | 0.006 (0.005–0.016) | 0.006 (0.005–0.010) | 0.051 (0.012–0.346) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine kinase–myocardial band, ng/mL | 1.115 (0.770–2.058) | 1.010 (0.730–1.558) | 2.670 (1.415–1.040) | <0.001 |
| Myoglobin, μg/L | 48.9 (29.8–100.2) | 42.3 (27.9–76.0) | 122.1 (77.1–404.6) | <0.001 |
| N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, pg/mL | 227.7 (79.3–647.9) | 155.0 (64.4–460.3) | 943.2 (402.3–2397.5) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine, μmol/L | 60.5 (50.3–79.0) | 59.0 (50.0–72.0) | 74.5 (52.0–112.8) | 0.005 |
Data are mean ± SD, median (IQR), n (%), or n/N (%). p values were calculated by t test, Mann-Whitney U test, χ2 test, or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate. IQR: inter-quartile range.