Table 4.
Baseline patient characteristics.
| Variable | N | 3D-printing group | 3D-image group | Control group | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 61 | 60.8 ± 18.3 | 65.4 ± 15.5 | 58.9 ± 17.9 | 0.85 | |
| Sex | Male | 29 | 11 | 9 | 9 | 0.66 |
| Female | 32 | 9 | 10 | 13 | ||
| Tumour size (cm) | 61 | 3.92 ± 1.52 | 3.82 ± 1.58 | 3.29 ± 1.54 | 0.381 | |
| Tumour location | Cecum | 5 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0.308 |
| Ascending colon | 29 | 9 | 9 | 11 | ||
| Hepatic flexure | 18 | 6 | 5 | 7 | ||
| Transverse colon | 9 | 4 | 3 | 2 | ||
| T stage | T1/2 | 33 | 11 | 9 | 13 | 0.754 |
| T3 | 28 | 9 | 10 | 9 | ||
| N stage | N0 | 21 | 7 | 6 | 8 | 0.306 |
| N1–3 | 27 | 9 | 8 | 10 | ||
| N3–6 | 13 | 4 | 5 | 4 | ||
| Differentiation level | Well/moderate | 33 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 0.538 |
| Poor/undifferentiated | 28 | 8 | 8 | 12 | ||
| TNM stage | I/II | 21 | 7 | 6 | 8 | 0.823 |
| III | 40 | 13 | 13 | 14 |