Table 1.

Synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazole derivatives by using NiFe₂O₄/geopolymer nanocatalyst.

Entry	R	Product	Time (min)	Yielda (%)	Melting point (°C) Observed	Melting point (°C) Reported
1	Benzaldehyde	4a	18	91	277–279	278–28057
2	4-Chlorobenzaldehyde	4b	18	88	262–265	262–26457
3	2-Chlorobenzaldehyde	4c	25	84	196–198	196–19835
4	3-Chlorobenzaldehyde	4d	26	81	296–298	296–29758
5	2,4-Dichlorobenzaldehyde	4e	28	89	174–177	176–17835
6	2,6-Dichlorobenzaldehyde	4f	33	84	236–238	236–23859
7	4-Bromobenzaldehyde	4 g	27	87	265–267	264–26660
8	4-Methoxybenzaldehyde	4 h	30	86	232–234	233–23461
9	3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde	4i	33	82	259–261	261–26262
10	2-Methoxybenzaldehyde	4j	35	85	210–212	209–21163
11	4-Methylbenzaldehyde	4 k	33	88	231–233	230–23264
12	4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde	4 l	38	87	261–263	260–26265
13	2-Nitrobenzaldehyde	4 m	30	86	231–233	230–23263
14	4-Nitrobenzaldehyde	4n	26	84	234–236	235–23866
15	4-Fluorobenzaldehyde	4o	32	92	248–250	247–24967
16	Furfural	4p	29	90	237–239	237–23968

^aIsolated yield.