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. 2020 Jul 16;11:284. doi: 10.1186/s13287-020-01794-5

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 4 — The BMP4/PD/BMS (BPM) method promotes the differentiation of hiPSC toward SANLC. a Scheme of the GiWi-based protocol used for enriched differentiation of SANLC from hPSC via treatment of BMP4, PD, and BMS. Gi, GSK inhibitor (CHIR); Wi, Wnt inhibitor (IWP2); iCM, induced cardiomyocytes. b Compared to the GiWi control, the levels of the expression of SHOX2, TBX18, TBX3, HCN4, and TNNT2 (from left to right) generally displayed the gradual increasing tendency from the individual treatment of BMP4 (B), PD (P), and BMS (M) to the two combination of BMP4 + PD (BP), BMP4 + BMS (BM), and PD + BMS (PM), and BMP4 + PD + BMS (BPM) caused the highest expression of the markers above as shown by qPCR analysis at day 16 (t test, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and NS, not significant versus GiWi control; n = 3). Expression values of all PCR analyses were normalized to the housekeeping gene GAPDH. Data are presented as “mean ± SD”