Table 2.
Plasma cytokine concentrations in patients with ASD and unaffected subjects
| Plasma cytokines, pg/ml | Healthy controls | Patients with ASD | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Detection limit | Group I | p1* | Group II | p1** | p2*** | ||
| IL-1β | 3 pg/ml |
0.1 ± 0.1 (0.0*–17.3) |
3.2 ± 1.6 (0.0–45.1) |
0.024 |
5.3 ± 1.6 (0.0–64.8) |
0.005 | 0.525 |
| IL-8 | 10 pg/ml |
726.8 ± 96.0 (171.4–5747.2) |
2401.6 ± 387.2 (314.7–7938.3) |
0.005 |
3966.0 ± 369.5 (238.0–8803.2) |
< 0.001 | 0.007 |
| IL-17A | 20 pg/ml |
34.2 ± 19.6 (12.3–54.0) |
45.8 ± 20.1 (12.3–629.2) |
< 0.001 |
69.9 ± 22.5 (14.4–1019.3) |
< 0.001 | 0.022 |
| IL-10 | 5 pg/ml |
35.5 ± 7.1 (1.3–121.6) |
4.0 ± 0.6 (1.3–18.0) |
< 0.001 |
9.8 ± 3.9 (1.0–203.1) |
< 0.001 | 0.015 |
| IFNγ | 20 pg/ml |
72.4 ± 16.2 (28.3–175.2) |
51.9 ± 29.8 (0.0–662.1) |
0.021 |
65.621.4 (0.0–825.4) |
0.151 | 0.014 |
Group I, the patients with mild-to-moderate ASD; group II, the patients with severe ASD. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (minimum value–maximum value). * The data below the detectable limit were equated zero. The results were analyzed using nonparametric Mann–Whitney U test. **p1, in comparison with healthy controls; ***p2, in comparison with group I