Figure 1.

Isolation, culture, and identification of hPDLSCs. (A): hPDLSCs were cultured for 14 days (scale bar: 200 μm). (B): hPDLSCs of third generation (P3) (scale bar: 200 μm). (C–F): hPDLSCs were positive for CD146 and STRO-1, but negative for CD31 and CD45. (G–J): hPDLSCs were positive for HLA-I, but negative for HLA-II DR, CD80, and CD86. (K–M): hPDLSCs could undergo osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation when cultured in inductive medium (scale bars: 50 μm [panels K and M] and 200 μm [panel L]).

Abbreviations: ALP, alkaline phosphatase; CD, cluster of differentiation; HLA, human leukocyte antigen; hPDLSCs, human periodontal ligament stem cells.