Fig. 12.

Effect of early-life exposure to EE and BPA on methylation and expression of Bdnf in the adult rat hippocampus. (A) both males and females, (B) only females, and (C) only males with early-life exposure to vehicle control (white), 0.5 μg/kg/day EE (orange), or 2500 μg/kg/day BPA (violet). Data expressed as mean ± SEM. Each circle represents average percent methylation of each corresponding CG site from 6–7 individual colonies (N = 5 males and N = 5 females per group). For methylation analysis, *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001, and ****P < 0.0001 vs vehicle by two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple test comparison. For gene expression analysis, ***P < 0.001 vs vehicle by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test. Gene expression levels are expressed as gene expression level in treatment group relative to control group using the 2^−ΔΔCT method. Reproduced with permission from the Epigenetics.