Table 1. Effect of broad band UVA light on bacteria and yeast based on time of exposure.
Microorganism | UVA Intensity (μW/cm2) | Group | Baseline | 20 min | % Reduction | Log Reduction | P value | 40 min | % Reduction | Log Reduction | P value | 60min | % Reduction | Log Reduction | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CFUx107/mL | CFUx107/mL | CFUx107/mL | CFUx107/mL | ||||||||||||
Clostridioides difficile | 2,000 | Exposed | 0.10 | 0.08 | 38.46% | 0.21 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 94.12% | 1.23 | 0.003 | 0.0031 | 99.21% | 2.10 | 0.01 |
Control | 0.10 | 0.13 | 0.17 | 0.39 | |||||||||||
Candida albicans | 1,700 | Exposed | 0.14 | 0.09 | 47.06% | 0.28 | 0.007 | 0.03 | 85.00% | 0.82 | 0.001 | 0.0032 | 98.00% | 1.70 | 0.001 |
Control | 0.14 | 0.17 | 0.20 | 0.16 | |||||||||||
Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 3,500 | Exposed | 0.81 | 0.07 | 88.52% | 0.94 | <0.001 | No Growth | * | * | <0.001 | No Growth | * | * | <0.001 |
Control | 0.81 | 0.61 | 0.93 | 0.85 | |||||||||||
Klebsiella pneumoniae | 1,300 | Exposed | 5.90 | 6.34 | 15.35% | 0.07 | 0.17 | 3.34 | 68.19% | 0.50 | <0.001 | 1.53 | 88.92% | 0.96 | <0.001 |
Control | 5.90 | 7.49 | 10.50 | 13.81 | |||||||||||
Escherichia coli | 1,300 | Exposed | 1.25 | 0.41 | 87.61% | 0.91 | <0.001 | 0.21 | 95.00% | 1.30 | 0.001 | 0.03 | 99.46% | 2.26 | <0.001 |
Control | 1.25 | 3.31 | 4.20 | 5.52 | |||||||||||
Enterococcus faecalis | 2,400 | Exposed | 9.21 | 2.99 | 71.79% | 0.55 | 0.1 | 0.61 | 95.86% | 1.38 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 99.55% | 2.35 | 0.01 |
Control | 9.21 | 10.60 | 14.72 | 17.74 | |||||||||||
Streptococcus pyogenes | 1,800 | Exposed | 1.17 | 0.68 | 18.07% | 0.09 | 0.64 | 0.64 | 61.90% | 0.42 | 0.001 | 0.17 | 87.02% | 0.89 | 0.004 |
Control | 1.17 | 0.83 | 1.68 | 1.31 | |||||||||||
Proteus mirabilis | 2,400 | Exposed | 0.62 | No Growth | * | * | <0.001 | No Growth | * | * | <0.001 | No Growth | * | * | <0.001 |
Control | 0.62 | 0.59 | 0.49 | 0.54 | |||||||||||
Staphylococcus epidermidis | 2,150 | Exposed | 0.57 | 0.43 | 27.12% | 0.14 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 95.65% | 1.36 | <0.001 | 0.000117 | 99.98% | 3.78 | <0.001 |
Control | 0.57 | 0.59 | 0.69 | 0.7 |
* No growth observed. Bactericidal threshold of >99.9% or 3 log reduction is met.