Table 2.

Factors associated with contemplative level of readiness of behavior change using Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM) among all women included in the study (n = 1,726).

Characteristics	Odds ratio (95% CI) Bivariate	Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) Multivariable model	Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) Multivariable model adjusted for age, race, education level	Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) Multivariable model adjusted for age, race, health literacy
Age (continuous)	1.0 (1.0 - 1.0)	1.0 (1.0 - 1.0)	1.0 (1.0, 1.0)	1.0 (1.0, 1.0)
Race (white vs other)	1.4 (0.8 - 2.6)	1.2 (0.6 - 2.6)	1.2 (0.6, 2.4)	1.3 (0.6, 2.6)
Education level (some college or more vs high school graduate or less)	1.1 (0.8 - 1.5)	1.3 (0.9 - 1.9)	1.3 (0.9, 1.8)	/
Health literacy (adequate vs not adequate)	0.7 (0.5 - 1.0)	0.9 (0.6 - 1.4)	/	1.0 (0.7, 1.5)
Major osteoporotic fracture in the past 12 months (hip, humerus, wrist, spine) (yes vs no)	2.4 (1.2 - 4.8)	2.0 (0.9 - 4.7)	/	/
Current estrogen treatment	0.5 (0.3 - 0.8)	0.9 (0.5 - 1.8)	/	/
Prior osteoporosis treatment	6.4 (4.8 - 8.7)	4.5 (3.3 - 6.3)	4.6 (3.4, 6.3)	4.9 (3.6, 6.7)
Concerns about osteoporosis	7.1 (5.2 - 9.7)	3.5 (2.5 - 4.9)	3.3 (2.4, 4.5)	3.3 (2.4, 4.5)
Having been told they have osteoporosis	7.6 (5.9 - 9.8)	11.8 (7.8 - 17.8)	11.3 (7.7, 16.6)	11.3 (7.6, 16.7)
Having been told they have osteopenia	6.8 (4.6 - 10.0)	3.8 (2.5 - 5.6)	3.7 (2.5, 5.3)	3.8 (2.6, 5.6)

Contemplative group comprises women who self-classified in the in the third, fourth and fifth stages of PAPM. Pre-contemplative group comprises women who self-classified in the first and second stages of PAPM. Having been told they have osteoporosis and having been told they have osteopenia are mutually exclusive, p<0.05 in italics.