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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Energy Policy. 2019 Nov 4;136:111053. doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2019.111053

Table 3.

Distribution of cooking fuel use and fuel stacking patterns

Andean Coastal
Peri-Urban (N=133) Rural (N=280) Peri-Urban (N=144) Rural (N=251) P-valuea
LPG Primary, N (%)
 Exclusive 98 (74%) 100 (36%) 94 (66%) 138 (55%) < 0.001
 Firewood 26 (20%) 140 (50%) 22 (15%) 104 (41%) < 0.001
 Induction 5 (4%) 12 (4%) 24 (17%) 4 (2%) < 0.001
 Firewood & Induction 3 (2%) 16 (6%) 1 (1%) 3 (1%) 0.004
Firewood Primary,b N (%)
 Exclusive 0 (0%) 6 (2%) 0 (0%) 1 (0%) 0.039
 Induction 0 (0%) 2 (1%) 0 (0%) 1 (0%) 0.589
Induction Primary, N (%)
Exclusive 1 (1%) 3 (1%) 2 (1%) 0 (0%) 0.377
Daily Cooking Time, N (%) < 0.001
 <1 hour 5 (4%) 24 (9%) 2 (1%) 6 (2%)
 1-2 hours 67 (51%) 146 (53%) 55 (38%) 93 (37%)
 2-3 hours 46 (35%) 83 (30%) 73 (51%) 131 (52%)
 >3 hours 14 (11%) 25 (9%) 13 (9%) 20 (8%)
a

For continuous variables P-Value refers to results from a linear model ANOVA and for categorical variables results from a Pearson's Chi-squared test.

b

No households reported to cook primarily with firewood with LPG as a secondary option.