. 2020 Jul 16;6(7):e04451. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04451

Table 5.

Nutrient compositions of Kadsura coccinea (Lem.) A.C. Sm. (per 100 g fresh weight).

Nutrients	Nutritive values (per 100 g fresh weight)
Nutrients	Exocarp	Mesocarp	Seed	Core
Energy (kcal)	30.13 ± 0.95^d	32.59 ± 1.39^c	247.67 ± 1.00^a	34.84 ± 0.16^b
Protein (g)	0.29 ± 0.01^d	0.32 ± 0.01^c	5.21 ± 0.01^a	0.37 ± 0.01^b
Fat (g)	0.50 ± 0.02^b	0.57 ± 0.00^b	12.55 ± 0.28^a	0.08 ± 0.01^d
Carbohydrate (g)	6.12 ± 0.24^c	6.55 ± 0.34^c	28.47 ± 0.37^a	8.17 ± 0.02^b
Total dietary fiber (g)	3.05 ± 0.08^bc	2.90 ± 0.03^c	31.86 ± 1.01^a	3.99 ± 0.04^b
- SDF (g)	0.97 ± 0.03^c	1.28 ± 0.02^b	2.21 ± 0.24^a	1.15 ± 0.04^bc
- IDF (g)	2.09 ± 0.06^bc	1.62 ± 0.01^c	29.65 ± 0.87^a	2.85 ± 0.01^b
Total sugar (g)	1.18 ± 0.01^d	2.72 ± 0.02^a	1.55 ± 0.02^c	2.31 ± 0.02^b
- Fructose (g)	0.76 ± 0.01^c	1.23 ± 0.05^a	0.77 ± 0.02^c	1.10 ± 0.03^b
- Glucose (g)	0.43 ± 0.02^d	1.04 ± 0.05^b	0.67 ± 0.01^c	1.21 ± 0.01^a
- Sucrose (g)	ND	0.45 ± 0.01^a	0.12 ± 0.01^b	ND
Ash (g)	0.59 ± 0.02^b	0.50 ± 0.01^c	1.33 ± 0.01^a	0.34 ± 0.00^d
Vitamin
- Vitamin C (mg)	69.18 ± 3.35^a	43.60 ± 1.35^b	ND	35.85 ± 0.52^c
Minerals
- Ca (mg)	9.59 ± 0.31^c	6.48 ± 0.45^d	44.92 ± 0.12^a	13.54 ± 0.10^b
- P (mg)	33.54 ± 0.36^c	29.27 ± 1.05^c	196.94 ± 8.10^a	64.65 ± 1.69^b
- Na (mg)	19.90 ± 0.34^b	16.51 ± 0.77^c	47.84 ± 0.32^a	13.18 ± 1.00^d
- K (mg)	180.43 ± 7.37^c	132.54 ± 1.42^d	295.53 ± 1.39^a	200.32 ± 2.44^b
- Mg (mg)	19.39 ± 1.21^b	27.50 ± 0.19^b	181.58 ± 12.87^a	32.07 ± 1.37^b
- Fe (mg)	0.21 ± 0.00^b	0.06 ± 0.01^c	1.44 ± 0.09^a	0.06 ± 0.00^c
- Zn (mg)	0.03 ± 0.01^b	0.04 ± 0.01^b	0.67 ± 0.05^a	0.03 ± 0.00^b

All data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) of triplicate experiments.

^a-dshowed significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) of each part within the same sample using one way ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test.

SDF: soluble dietary fiber; IDF: insoluble dietary fiber; ND: not detected.