Table 3.
Unadjusted and adjusted analysis of factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 PCR positivity.
| Variable | n positive / n total | OR (95% CI) | p value | aOR (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 971 / 4051 (23.9%) | |||||
| Age (years) | – | 1.01 (1.01 – 1.01) | <0.001 | 1.01 (1.01 – 1.01) | <0.001 |
| Gender | |||||
| Female | 433 / 1979 (21.9%) | – | – | – | – |
| Male | 538 / 2072 (26.0%) | 1.25 (1.08 – 1.45) | 0.002 | 1.21 (1.03 – 1.40) | 0.016 |
| Ethnicity | |||||
| White | 612 / 3067 (20.0%) | – | – | – | – |
| South Asian | 266 / 710 (37.5%) | 2.40 (2.02 – 2.87) | <0.001 | 2.44 (2.01 – 2.97) | <0.001 |
| Black | 44 / 122 (36.1%) | 2.26 (1.55 – 3.31) | <0.001 | 2.56 (1.71 – 3.84) | <0.001 |
| Other | 49 / 152 (32.2%) | 1.91 (1.34 – 2.71) | <0.001 | 2.53 (1.74 – 3.70) | <0.001 |
| IMD decile | |||||
| 1 (most deprived) | 92 / 443 (21.0%) | – | – | – | – |
| 2 | 93 / 326 (28.5%) | 1.50 (1.08 – 2.09) | 0.03 | 1.33 (0.93 – 1.88) | 0.12 |
| 3 | 142 / 483 (29.4%) | 1.57 (1.16 – 2.12) | 0.01 | 1.28 (0.93 – 1.76) | 0.13 |
| 4 | 117 / 415 (28.2%) | 1.48 (1.08 – 2.02) | 0.01 | 1.30 (0.93 – 1.81) | 0.12 |
| 5 | 58 / 324 (17.9%) | 0.82 (0.57 – 1.18) | 0.29 | 0.80 (0.55 – 1.17) | 0.25 |
| 6 | 94 / 368 (25.5%) | 1.29 (0.93 – 1.79) | 0.13 | 1.23 (0.87 – 1.73) | 0.24 |
| 7 | 90 / 405 (22.2%) | 1.08 (0.78 – 1.49) | 0.66 | 1.09 (0.77 – 1.54) | 0.63 |
| 8 | 98 / 454 (21.6%) | 1.04 (0.75 – 1.43) | 0.82 | 1.18 (0.84 – 1.65) | 0.34 |
| 9 | 100 / 418 (23.7%) | 1.18 (0.86 – 1.63) | 0.30 | 1.36 (0.97 – 1.91) | 0.07 |
| 10 (least deprived) | 85 / 411 (20.7%) | 0.98 (0.71 – 1.37) | 0.92 | 1.08 (0.76 – 1.53) | 0.66 |
| Estimated household size | – | 1.10 (1.05 – 1.15) | <0.001 | 1.06 (1.02 – 1.11) | 0.006 |
| Number of comorbidities | |||||
| 0 | 482 / 2318 (20.8%) | – | – | – | – |
| 1 | 199 / 688 (28.9%) | 1.55 (1.28 – 1.88) | <0.001 | 1.41 (1.11 – 1.79) | 0.005 |
| ≥2 | 290 / 1045 (27.8%) | 1.46 (1.24 – 1.73) | <0.001 | 1.23 (0.87 – 1.73) | 0.24 |
| Type of comorbidity | |||||
| Hypertension | 277 / 963 (28.8%) | 1.39 (1.18 – 1.64) | <0.001 | 0.96 (0.75 – 1.23) | 0.75 |
| Other cardiovascular | 104 / 415 (25.1%) | 1.07 (0.84 – 1.35) | 0.57 | 0.74 (0.56 – 0.98) | 0.04 |
| Diabetes | 167/495 (33.7%) | 1.74 (1.42 – 2.13) | <0.001 | 1.23 (0.95 – 1.60) | 0.11 |
| Cerebrovascular | 52/180 (28.9%) | 1.30 (0.94 – 1.82) | 0.12 | 1.05 (0.73 – 1.53) | 0.78 |
| Respiratory | 133/556 (23.9%) | 1.00 (0.81 – 1.23) | 0.98 | 0.86 (0.67 – 1.11) | 0.25 |
| AKI on admission | 172/508 (33.9%) | 1.76 (1.44 – 2.15) | <0.001 | 1.43 (1.15 – 1.77) | 0.001 |
| EWS on admission | – | 1.17 (1.14 – 1.20) | <0.001 | 1.14 (1.11 – 1.17) | <0.001 |
Footnote: ‘Other cardiovascular’ comprises; pacemaker in situ, congenital cardiac failure, congestive heart failure, ischaemic heart disease, mitral valve disorder and left heart failure. ‘Respiratory’ comprises; chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive lung disease, asthma and pulmonary emphysema. ‘Cerebrovascular’ comprises; cerebral haemorrhage, cerebral infarction, cerebrovascular accident, cerebrovascular disease, hemiplegia and subarachnoid haemorrhage.