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. 2020 Jul 17;25:100459. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100459

Table 1.

Demographic and clinical characteristics of the two groups of patients. Number denotes mean (standard deviation) (a); raw number (percentages) (b); median [interquartile range] (c). Statistical significance was evaluated using two independent sample t-test (a); chi square (b); Mann-Whitney U test (c). P value reports the associated p value (statistical significance p<0.05). CRP = C-Reactive Protein; bpm = beats per minute.

Normative values Controls (n=68) Tocilizumab (n=90) Significance P value
Age (years)a 71 (14.6) 62.9 (12.5) -3.706 <0.001
Ethnicity (Caucasian)b 65 (95.5%) 85 (94.4%) 0.105 0.745
Gender (males)b 49 (72%) 64 (71.1%) 0.017 0.896
Diabetes (yes) b 21 (30.9%) 14 (15.5%) 5.276 0.022
Hypertension (yes) b 36 (42.9%) 41 (45.5%) 0.846 0.358
Heart disease(yes) b 22 (32.3%) 11 (12.2%) 9.500 0.002
Time to hospitalization (days)a 6 (3.1) 9.1 (8.1) 3.001 <0.001
Clinical characteristics at hospital admission
Heart rate (bpm) a 90.0 (16.0) 91.0 (16.0) 0.390 0.697
Systolic blood pressure (mm/Hg) a 127.0 (22.0) 130.0 (23.0) 0.918 0.360
Diastolic blood pressure (mm/Hg) a 73.0 (11.0) 74.0 (10.9) 0.285 0.776
Temperature (°C)c <37 37.5 [36–39.5] 37.5 [36-40] 0.460
Laboratory Results at hospital admission
CRP (mg/L)a <0.5 83.8 (64.1) 121 (77.5) 3.212 0.002
Procalcitonin (ng/L)c <0.1 0.14 [<0.1–3.2] 0.25 [<0.1-7.5] 0.980
White blood cells (x10³ per μL) a 4.00-10.80 6.6 (3.9) 7.0 (3.7) 0.635 0.527
Lymphocytes (x10³ per μL) a 0.90-4.00 1.1 (0.6) 9.9 (0.8) -0.491 0.624
Neutrophils (x10³ per μL) a 1.50-8.00 4.7 (3.0) 5.6 (3.5) 1.444 0.151
Platelets (x10³ per μL) a 130-400 188 (89) 224 (103) 2.252 0.026
Glycemia (mg/dl)b 76-115 118 [87–476] 114 [76-314] 0.061
Urea (mg/dl) b 17-49 38 [21–154] 35 [17-143] 0.140
Creatinine (mg/dl) a 0.60-1.00 1.1 (0.5) 1.0 (0.3) -2.369 0.016
Sodium (mmol/L) a 136-145 135.9 (3.6) 136.6 (5.3) 0.790 0.431
Potassium (mmoL/L) a 3.4-4.5 3.9 (0.5) 3.8 (0.4) -1.471 0.143
Chlorine (mmol/L) a 89-107 97.3 (4.1) 97.4 (4.2) 0.227 0.821
Bilirubin (mg/dL) a <1.20 0.5 (0.2) 0.6 (0.2) 0.982 0.328
Aspartate Transaminase -AST (U/L) a 18-34 52.7 (37.8) 56.7 (38.2) 0.623 0.534
Alanine amionotrasferase -ALT (U/L) a 10-35 35.4 (31.1) 46.9 (35.5) 2.015 0.046
Gamma glutamyl trasferase- gGT (U/L) b 6-42 34 [14–555] 45.5 [11-360] 0.053
Alkaline phosphatase -ALP (U/L) a 44-107 70.7 (51.1) 63.0 (34.3) -1.001 0.319
Lactate dehydrogenase- LDH (U/L) a 135-225 326.0 (146.7) 371.3 (131.1) 1.192 0.237
Creatine kinase- CK (U/L) b 26-192 102.5 [18–843] 113 [21–918] 0.048
Prothrombine time -Pt (sec) b 9.4-12.5 13.1 [10.9–18.4] 13.5 [10.8–22.2] 0.145
Activated partial thromboplastine time- aPTT (sec) b 24-38 32.2 (5.1) 33.1 (5.2) -1.033 0.303
International normalized ratio -INR c 0.9-1.2 1.2 [0.9–4.6] 1.2 [1.0–2.0] 0.165