Table 3.
Demographics of health-conscious walkers
| Number of participants in each demographic category | Number (%) of participants walking≧ 60 min/day | Number (%) of participants walking between 30 and 60 min/day | Number (%) of participants walking < 30 min/day | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Number | 366 | 113 | 148 | 105 | ||
| Age | 20–29 | 31 | 12 (10.6) | 10 (6.8) | 9 (8.6) | 0.25 |
| 30–39 | 43 | 16 (14.2) | 19 (12.8) | 8 (7.6) | ||
| 40–49 | 60 | 22 (19.5) | 21 (14.2) | 17 (16.2) | ||
| 50–59 | 92 | 32 (28.3) | 37 (25.0) | 23 (21.9) | ||
| 60–69 | 84 | 15 (13.3) | 39 (26.4) | 30 (28.6) | ||
| 70 ≦ | 56 | 16 (14.2) | 22 (14.9) | 18 (17.1) | ||
| Gender | Male | 165 | 59 (52.2) | 71 (48.0) | 35 (33.3) | 0.01* |
| Female | 201 | 54 (47.8) | 77 (52.0) | 70 (66.7) | ||
| The number of family members | 1 | 21 | 5 (4.4) | 8 (5.4) | 8 (7.6) | 0.59 |
| 2 | 75 | 18 (15.9) | 33 (22.3) | 24 (22.9) | ||
| 3 | 87 | 29 (25.7) | 38 (25.7) | 20 (19.0) | ||
| 4 | 56 | 17 (15.0) | 22 (14.9) | 17 (16.2) | ||
| 5 | 52 | 22 (19.5) | 15 (10.1) | 15 (14.3) | ||
| 6 | 47 | 13 (11.5) | 19 (12.8) | 15 (14.3) | ||
| 7 | 16 | 5 (4.4) | 7 (4.7) | 4 (3.8) | ||
| 8 | 7 | 1 (0.9) | 4 (2.7) | 2 (1.9) | ||
| 9 | 2 | 2 (1.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Residential condition | Living in the same place as before the GEJE | 89 | 33 (29.2) | 35 (23.6) | 21 (20.0) | 0.27 |
| Living in a different place not due to the disaster | 7 | 3 (2.7) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (3.8) | ||
| Post-disaster publicly funded rental accommodation | 2 | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Houses of relatives or friends | 14 | 3 (2.7) | 7 (4.7) | 4 (3.8) | ||
| Prefabricated post-disaster public housing | 35 | 7 (6.2) | 14 (9.5) | 14 (13.3) | ||
| Newly built houses in the relocated high-land area | 91 | 32 (28.3) | 34 (23.0) | 25 (23.8) | ||
| Newly built houses outside of the relocated high-land area | 95 | 24 (21.2) | 44 (29.7) | 27 (25.7) | ||
| Others | 29 | 9 (8.0) | 10 (6.8) | 10 (9.5) | ||
| Perceived economic status | Extremely difficult | 20 | 7 (6.2) | 7 (4.7) | 6 (5.7) | 0.98 |
| Difficult | 59 | 19 (16.8) | 23 (15.5) | 17 (16.2) | ||
| A little difficult | 106 | 29 (25.7) | 45 (30.4) | 32 (30.5) | ||
| Fine | 179 | 58 (51.3) | 71 (48.0) | 50 (47.6) | ||
| Alcohol drinking habits | Drinking | 140 | 45 (39.8) | 61 (41.2) | 34 (32.4) | 0.45 |
| Non-drinking | 190 | 58 (51.3) | 74 (50.0) | 58 (55.2) | ||
| Smoking habits | Smoking | 55 | 18 (15.9) | 21 (14.2) | 16 (15.2) | 0.93 |
| Non-smoking | 290 | 89 (78.8) | 118 (79.7) | 83 (79.0) | ||
| CES-D | < 16 | 279 | 96 (85.0) | 113 (76.4) | 70 (66.7) | 0.007** |
| ≧ 16 | 87 | 17 (15.0) | 35 (23.6) | 35 (33.3) | ||
| K6 | < 9 | 328 | 106 (93.8) | 133 (89.9) | 89 (84.8) | 0.09 |
| ≧ 9 | 38 | 7 (6.2) | 15 (10.1) | 16 (15.2) | ||
| IES-R | < 25 | 294 | 96 (85.0) | 120 (81.1) | 78 (74.3) | 0.14 |
| ≧ 25 | 72 | 17 (15.0) | 28 (18.9) | 27 (25.7) |
Distribution of walker with health-conscious group regarding age groups (20–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69, ≦ 70), gender, the number of family members, residential status at the time of the survey [living in the same place as before the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE), living in a different place with reasons other than the consequence of the GEJE, post-disaster publicly funded rental accommodation, houses of relatives or friends, prefabricated post-disaster public housing, newly built houses in the relocated high-land area, newly built houses outside of the relocated high-land area, others], economic states (extremely difficult, difficult, a little difficult, fine), alcohol consumption (drinking, non-drinking), smoking status (smoking, non-smoking), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D; non-depressive: < 16, depressive: ≧ 16), the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6; non-distressed: < 9, distressed: ≧ 9), and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R; non-PTSR < 25, PTSR ≧ 25). The distributions of the above parameters were shown for each walking durations subgroup (≧ 60 min/day, between 30 and 60 min/day, < 30 min/day). Differences in the distributions of each parameter among the three walking duration subgroups were evaluated using the Chi-square test
Significance levels: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01