Table 1. Textural Properties of Hierarchical Porous TS-1 and Pd-Modified TS-1 Catalysts.

	surface area (m2 g–1)			pore volume (cm3 g–1)
samples	BET	micropore	external	microporea	meso + macrob
TS-1	434.3	243.9	190.4	0.13	0.06
HTS-1	485.8	155.6	330.2	0.08	0.47
Pd/HTS-1	451.5	162.7	288.8	0.08	0.44
Pd@HTS-1	470.5	160.3	310.2	0.08	0.45

^aMicropore volume was estimated using the t-plot method.

^bThe mesopore + macropore volume was calculated from the amount of N₂adsorbed at P/P₀ = 0.99.