Fig. 1.

A figure displaying different levels and frequency of patient-provider-environmental interactions for anesthesia providers during routine, elective surgery. The figure represents interactions during an elective surgical case of approximately 3 h in duration. Each line represents one provider-patient-environmental interaction. Red lines represent the anesthesia team, blue lines represent the surgical team, and black lines represent the circulating nurse. This depicts a high task density work environment for anesthesia providers (picture published with permission from John P. Rowlands, MD)