Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of the samples of unemployed individuals with and without previous job experience for the period of 2014–2018
| Variables | Unemployed without previous job experience | Unemployed with previous job experience |
|---|---|---|
| Multichannel attitude | ||
| Average number of job-search channels | 3.03 | 2.99 |
| Job search channels | ||
| Newspapers | 44.19 | 44.33 |
| Informal network | 86.27 | 88.54 |
| Direct contact | 78.63 | 74.83 |
| Internet | 65.19 | 57.29 |
| Agency (public or private) | 31.82 | 39.96 |
| Socio-demographic characteristics | ||
| Male | 47.39 | 55.95 |
| Age range | ||
| 15–24 | 46.21 | 8.98 |
| 25–34 | 35.56 | 26.39 |
| 35–44 | 11.42 | 28.34 |
| 45–54 | 5.50 | 25.58 |
| 55–64 | 1.28 | 10.27 |
| 65–74 | 0.04 | 0.44 |
| Education | ||
| Primary education | 4.19 | 6.60 |
| Lower secondary education | 38.70 | 49.00 |
| Upper education | 41.66 | 34.53 |
| Tertiary education | 15.45 | 9.87 |
| Citizenship | ||
| Italian | 88.30 | 83.94 |
| From European Union | 2.38 | 5.32 |
| Extra-European Union | 9.32 | 10.75 |
| Marital status | ||
| Single | 82.27 | 45.01 |
| Married | 14.34 | 42.06 |
| Separated or divorced | 2.83 | 11.39 |
| Widowed | 0.56 | 1.54 |
| Main characteristics of previous job | ||
| Sector of employment | ||
| Agriculture | 3.64 | |
| Manufacturing | 14.53 | |
| Construction | 12.80 | |
| Trade | 12.89 | |
| Service | 56.15 | |
| Type of employment | ||
| Employee | 87.63 | |
| Collaboration agreement | 5.19 | |
| Self-employment | 7.18 | |
| Occupation | ||
| Legislator, entrepreneur, manager | 0.91 | |
| Intellectual, scientific, and high-specialisation professions | 9.17 | |
| Technical professions | 10.18 | |
| Office worker | 9.68 | |
| Qualified professions in commercial activities and services | 27.83 | |
| Craftsmen, specialised workers, and farmers | 18.00 | |
| Fixed and mobile machinery workers and vehicle drivers | 6.68 | |
| Non-qualified professions | 17.34 | |
| Armed forces | 0.21 | |
| Duration of job search | ||
| From 0 to 3 months | 9.53 | 16.55 |
| From 4 to 6 months | 7.53 | 10.97 |
| From 7 to 12 months | 20.06 | 18.97 |
| More than 12 months | 62.88 | 53.51 |
| Spatial variable | ||
| Northwest | 14.65 | 22.38 |
| Northeast | 8.07 | 13.57 |
| Centre | 15.21 | 20.08 |
| Southern Italy | 43.24 | 28.28 |
| Main islands | 18.83 | 15.69 |
| Sample period | 2014–2018 | |
| Observations | 18,892 | 55,120 |