Table 3.

Marginal effects of each equation of (5) for the sample of unemployed individuals without previous job experience

Variables	Channels of job search—unemployed without previous job experience
	Newspapers	Informal network	Direct contact	Internet	Agency (public or private)
Socio-demographic characteristics
Female	–	–	–	–	–
	–	–	–	–	–
Male	$-0.{01}^{}$	$-0.{00}^{}$	$0.{02}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{00}^{}$	$0.{01}^{}$
	$[-0.02;0.01]$	$[-0.02;0.01]$	[0.01; 0.03]	$[-0.02;0.01]$	$[-0.00;0.02]$
Age
15–24	–	–	–	–	–
	–	–	–	–	–
25–34	$-0.{01}^{}$	$-0.{00}^{}$	$-0.{00}^{}$	$-0.{01}^{}$	$-0.{03}^{\ast \ast \ast }$
	$[-0.02;0.01]$	$[-0.02;0.01]$	$[-0.02;0.01]$	$[-0.03;0.01]$	$[-0.04;-0.01]$
35–44	$-0.{04}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{00}^{}$	$-0.{07}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{09}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{05}^{\ast \ast \ast }$
	$[-0.07;-0.01]$	$[-0.02;0.02]$	$[-0.09;-0.04]$	$[-0.11;-0.06]$	$[-0.08;-0.03]$
45–54	$-0.{09}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$0.{00}^{}$	$-0.{13}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{23}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{08}^{\ast \ast \ast }$
	$[-0.13;-0.05]$	$[-0.03;0.03]$	$[-0.17;-0.10]$	$[-0.27;-0.19]$	$[-0.11;-0.04]$
55–64	$-0.{06}^{}$	$0.{02}^{}$	$-0.{18}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{33}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{13}^{\ast \ast \ast }$
	$[-0.13;0.01]$	$[-0.04;0.06]$	$[-0.25;-0.12]$	$[-0.40;-0.26]$	$[-0.18;-0.07]$
65–74	$-0.{05}^{}$	$-0.{05}^{}$	$-0.{38}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{34}^{}$	$-0.{14}^{}$
	$[-0.32;0.28]$	$[-0.40;0.12]$	$[-0.68;-0.04]$	$[-0.61;0.03]$	$[-0.30;0.19]$
Education
Primary education	$-0.{13}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$0.{04}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{20}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{37}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{10}^{\ast \ast \ast }$
	$[-0.16;-0.09]$	[0.01; 0.06]	$[-0.23;-0.16]$	$[-0.41;-0.33]$	$[-0.13;-0.07]$
Lower secondary education	$-0.{02}^{\ast }$	$0.{04}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{11}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{20}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{04}^{\ast \ast \ast }$
	$[-0.04;0.00]$	[0.03; 0.05]	$[-0.12;-0.09]$	$[-0.22;-0.19]$	$[-0.06;-0.03]$
Upper Secondary education	–	–	–	–	–
	–	–	–	–	–
Tertiary education	$-0.{01}^{}$	$-0.{08}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$0.{08}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$0.{12}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{04}^{\ast \ast \ast }$
	$[-0.03;0.02]$	$[-0.10;-0.06]$	[0.07; 0.10]	[0.10; 0.15]	$[-0.06;-0.02]$
Citizenship
Italian	–	–	–	–	–
	–	–	–	–	–
From European Union	$0.{04}^{}$	$0.{05}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{11}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{10}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{10}^{\ast \ast \ast }$
	$[-0.01;0.08]$	[0.03; 0.08]	$[-0.15;-0.07]$	$[-0.15;-0.06]$	$[-0.13;-0.06]$
Extra-European Union	$-0.{01}^{}$	$0.{03}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{15}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{19}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{02}^{}$
	$[-0.04;0.01]$	[0.02; 0.05]	$[-0.18;-0.13]$	$[-0.21;-0.16]$	$[-0.04;0.01]$
Marital status
Single	–	–	–	–	–
	–	–	–	–	–
Married	$-0.{06}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$0.{03}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{11}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{11}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{04}^{\ast \ast }$
	$[-0.08;-0.03]$	[0.01; 0.04]	$[-0.13;-0.08]$	$[-0.14;-0.08]$	$[-0.05;-0.00]$
Separated or divorced	$-0.{01}^{}$	$0.{04}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{04}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{14}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{03}^{}$
	$[-0.06;0.04]$	[0.01; 0.07]	$[-0.08;-0.00]$	$[-0.19;-0.09]$	$[-0.07;0.02]$
Widowed	$0.{08}^{}$	$-0.{02}^{}$	$-0.{09}^{\ast \ast }$	$-0.{08}^{}$	$0.{02}^{}$
	$[-0.02;0.18]$	$[-0.11;0.05]$	$[-0.18;-0.01]$	$[-0.19;0.02]$	$[-0.08;0.13]$
Duration of job search
From 0 to 3 months	$-0.{13}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{07}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{05}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{06}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{04}^{\ast \ast \ast }$
	$[-0.15;-0.10]$	$[-0.09;-0.05]$	$[-0.07;-0.02]$	$[-0.09;-0.04]$	$[-0.06;-0.02]$
From 4 to 6 months	$-0.{07}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{03}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{00}^{}$	$-0.{01}^{}$	$0.{01}^{}$
	$[-0.09;-0.05]$	$[-0.05;-0.01]$	$[-0.03;0.02]$	$[-0.04;0.02]$	$[-0.02;0.03]$
From 7 to 12 months	$-0.{04}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{02}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$0.{01}^{}$	$0.{01}^{}$	$0.{02}^{\ast \ast \ast }$
	$[-0.05;-0.02]$	$[-0.04;-0.01]$	$[-0.01;0.03]$	$[-0.01;0.03]$	[0.01; 0.04]
More than 12 months	–	–	–	–	–
	–	–	–	–	–
Spatial variable
Northwest	$0.{08}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{01}^{\ast }$	$0.{08}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$0.{15}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$0.{19}^{\ast \ast \ast }$
	[0.06; 0.10]	$[-0.03;0.00]$	[0.06; 0.09]	[0.13; 0.17]	[0.16; 0.21]
Northeast	$0.{11}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{05}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$0.{08}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$0.{15}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$0.{23}^{\ast \ast \ast }$
	[0.08; 0.14]	$[-0.07;-0.03]$	[0.07; 0.10]	[0.13; 0.17]	[0.20; 0.25]
Centre	$-0.{04}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{04}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$0.{01}^{}$	$0.{02}^{}$	$0.{09}^{\ast \ast \ast }$
	$[-0.06;-0.02]$	$[-0.06;-0.03]$	$[-0.01;0.03]$	$[-0.01;0.04]$	[0.07; 0.11]
Southern Italy	–	–	–	–	–
	–	–	–	–	–
Main islands	$-0.{07}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$0.{00}^{}$	$-0.{04}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{04}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	$-0.{08}^{\ast \ast \ast }$
	$[-0.09;-0.05]$	$[-0.01;0.02]$	$[-0.06;-0.03]$	$[-0.06;-0.02]$	$[-0.09;-0.06]$
Simulated maximum likelihood—draws	150
Log likelihood	− 48,766.27
Wald ${\chi }^2$	Prob $>{\chi }^2$(6,668.31)=0.00
Observations	18,892
Sample period	2014–2018

The associated 95% CIs were computed using 10,000 coefficient vectors simulated from the posterior distribution of the estimated parameters. The associated 90% CIs are available upon request. Temporal effects (year of the survey) were included in the model but are not reported in the table

${}^{\ast }P\text{value}<0.1$; ${}^{\ast \ast }P\text{value}<0.05$; ${}^{\ast \ast \ast }P\text{value}<0.01$