Table 2.
Sexual and reproductive history of women screened for cervical cancer and proportion of VIA positivity, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| Variable, n = 844 | n(%) | Name of health center | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AH | W1H | SH | FMH | LH | ||
| Menstrual History, p = 0.011 | ||||||
| Regularly | 382 (45.3) | 74 (49.3) | 77 (45.3) | 92 (47.2) | 57 (43.8) | 82 (41.2) |
| Irregular | 290 (34.4) | 49 (32.7) | 64 (37.6) | 63 (32.3) | 55 (42.3) | 59 (29.6) |
| Post coital spotting | 7 (0.8) | 0 (0) | 4 (2.4) | 1 (0.5) | 1 (0.8) | 1 (0.5) |
| Menopause | 165 (19.5) | 27 (18.0) | 25 (14.7) | 39 (20.0) | 17 (13.1) | 57 (28.6) |
| Pregnancy status, p = 0.896 | ||||||
| Pregnant | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Non-pregnant | 843 (99.9) | 150 (100) | 170 (100) | 194 (99.5) | 130 (100) | 199 (100) |
| Parity, p = 0.004 | ||||||
| No | 119 (14.1) | 31 (20.7) | 28 (16.5) | 25 (12.8) | 6 (4.6) | 29 (14.6) |
| 1–3 | 575 (68.1) | 89 (59.3) | 99 (58.2) | 136 (69.7) | 115 (88.5) | 136 (68.3) |
| 4–5 | 107 (12.7) | 24 (16.0) | 32 (18.8) | 21 (10.8) | 4 (3.1) | 26 (13.1) |
| > 5 | 43 (5.1) | 6 (4.0) | 11 (6.5) | 13 (6.7) | 5 (3.8) | 8 (4.0) |
| Ever use of contraceptive methods, p = 0.009 | ||||||
| No | 561 (66.5) | 107 (71.3) | 117 (68.8) | 129 (66.2) | 69 (53.1) | 139 (69.8) |
| Yes | 283 (33.5) | 43 (28.7) | 53 (31.2) | 66 (33.8) | 61 (46.9) | 60 (30.2) |
| Type of contraceptive method, p = 0.317 | ||||||
| Injectable | 86 (30.4) | 12 (27.9) | 14 (26.9) | 22 (33.3) | 20 (33.3) | 18 (30.0) |
| OCP | 42 (14.8) | 10 (23.4) | 8 (15.4) | 11 (16.7) | 5 (8.4) | 6 (10.0) |
| IUCD | 45 (15.9) | 8 (18.6) | 10 (19.2) | 11 (16.7) | 3 (5.0) | 13 (21.7) |
| Implant | 102 (36.0) | 11 (25.6) | 19 (36.5) | 19 (28.8) | 30 (50.0) | 23 (38.3) |
| Tubaligation | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Condom | 7 (2.5) | 2 (4.5) | 1 (1.9) | 2 (3.0) | 2 (3.3) | 0 (0) |
| Other corticosteroid use history, p = 0.556 | ||||||
| Yes | 2 (0.2) | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0) |
| No | 842 (99.8) | 149 (99.3) | 170 (100) | 195 (100) | 129 (99.2) | 199 (100) |
| Family hx of cervical cancer, p = 0.687 | ||||||
| Yes | 5 (0.6) | 2 (1.3) | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) |
| No | 839 (99.4) | 148 (98.7) | 169 (99.4) | 194 (99.5) | 130 (100) | 198 (99.5) |
| HIV status, p < 0.0001 | ||||||
| HIV positive | 252 (29.9) | 64 (42.7) | 56 (32.9) | 35 (26.9) | 53 (27.2) | 46 (23.1) |
| HIV negative | 447 (53.0) | 47 (31.3) | 81 (47.6) | 48 (36.9) | 124 (63.6) | 146 (73.4) |
| Unknown | 145 (17.1) | 39 (26) | 33 (19.4) | 47 (36.2) | 18 (9.2) | 7 (3.5) |
| STI history | ||||||
| Yes | 247 (29.3) | 16 (10.7) | 44 (25.9) | 55 (28.2) | 65 (50.0) | 67 (33.7) |
| No | 597 (70.7) | 134 (89.3) | 126 (74.1) | 140 (71.8) | 65 (50.0) | 132 (66.3) |
| VIA test result, p < 0.0001 | ||||||
| Positive | 87 (10.3) | 8 (5.3)) | 8 (4.7) | 30 (25.4) | 11 (8.5)) | 30 (25.1) |
| Negative | 757 (89.7) | 142 (94.7 | 162 (95.3) | 165 (84.6) | 119 (91.5 | 169 (84.9) |
p-value is as per chi-square test done between sexual and reproductive characteristics; and health center type, AH Arada health center, W1H Woreda 1 health center, SH Selam health center, FH Felegemelese health center, LH Lideta health center, OCP Oral contraceptives, IUCD Intrauterine contraceptive device.