Table 2.
Details of included studies. LEEP: loop electrosurgical excision procedures, HCS: Healthcare staff, PCR: polymerase chain reaction, +ve: positive, HPV: human papilloma virus, HBV: hepatitis B virus. ∗ Five colorectal cancer resections, three gastrectomies and three hepatic wedge resections.
| Study | Location | Sample size | Procedure (0pen or laparoscopic) | Device | Virus detected | Detection Method | Evidence of transmission to HCS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Swachuk, 198912 | U.S.A. | 8 | Cutaneous papilloma ablation (Open) | Two Groups 1. CO2 laser 2.Electrosurgical |
HPV 1. 5 of 8 +ve 2. 4 of 7 +ve |
PCR | Not studied |
| Ferenczy 1990 (abstract only available)14 | U.S.A. | 110 (of which 65 HPV + ve on swabbing of lesions) | Cutaneous papilloma ablation (Open) | Laser ablation | HPV 1 of 5 pre-filter canisters + ve after testing 65 patients |
Not specified in abstract | Studied -All negative samples from nasopharynx, eyelids and ears of operators |
| Ferenczy, 1990 (abstract only available)15 | Canada | 43 | Cutaneous papilloma ablation (Open) | CO2 laser ablation | HPV 7 of 43 +ve in treated areas |
Dot blot hydridization technique | Not studied |
| Sood, 199416 |
U.S.A. | 49 (of which 39 HPV + ve on tissue sampling) | Cervical papilloma LEEP (Open) | Electrosurgical | HPV 18 of 39 +ve |
PCR | Not studied |
| Gloster, 1995 (abstract only available)17 | U.S.A. | Not specified in abstract | Cutaneous papilloma ablation (Open) | CO2 laser ablation | HPV | Not documented | No significant difference in surgeons acquiring HPV if failed to use gloves, masks, smoke evacuators, eye protection, gowns |
| Weyandt, 201118 | Germany | 18 operations with multilayer argon plasma coagulation 10 operations with CO2 laser ablation |
Cutaneous papilloma ablation (Open) | Two groups 1. Multilayer argon plasma coagulation 2. CO2 laser ablation |
HPV 1. 2 of 18 +ve 2. 3 of 10 +ve |
PCR | Studied −2 paired swabs (before and after treatment) out of 10 +ve |
| Kwak, 201619 |
South Korea | 11 | Intraabdominal malignancy resection∗ (Laparoscopic) | Electrosurgical | HBV 10 of 11 +ve |
PCR | Not studied |
| Neumann, 201820 | Germany | 24 (all presented HPV, no reported tissue sampling for all patients) | Cervical papilloma LEEP (Open) | Electrosurgical | HPV subtype 16, 39, 53 4 of 24 +ve |
PCR | Not studied |
| Zhou, 201921 | China | 134 (all with persistent HPV infections) | LEEP for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (Open) | Electrosurgical | HPV subtypes 16, 18, 31, 33, 51, 52, 56, 58 1. 40 of 134 +ve 2. 30 of 134 +ve |
1. Flow fluorescence in situ hybridization 2. PCR |
Studied −2 swabs of 134 +ve for HPV DNA |