Table 2.
Summary of known antiviral activity of TFs.
| Virus | Genome | Conclusion | Reference |
| Sindbis Virus | ssRNA | TFs extract inhibited the viral infection by 99% at a concentration of 14.6mM | Villagomez (2017) |
| TMV | ssRNA | TFs interfered with the viral replication cycle by attachment to TMV-RNA complex | Okada et al. (1977) |
| Influenza A and B | ssRNA | TF1 had an IC50 value of 16.21 μg/ml against the virus, which is the best among 13 flavonoids studied using cytopathic effect inhibition assay. | Yang et al. (2014) |
| HSV | dsDNA | TF3 in combination with acyclovir showed an increased 21.8% inhibition than acyclovir alone in WST-1 assay | Berkefeld (2015) |
| Rotavirus and coronavirus | ssRNA | Synergistic activity when all TFs were administered in-vitro | Clark et al. (1998) |
| HCV | ssRNA | Act directly on the viral particles and inhibit the ability to bind to receptor surface | Chowdhury et al. (2018) |
| Caliciviruses | ssRNA | Best in-silico antiviral activity among 2080 small molecules screened. | Ohba et al. (2017) |
| HIV-1 | ssRNA | TF3 inhibits the entry of virus by targeting gp41. | Jie et al. (2011) |