TABLE 2. Prevalence of birth defects potentially related to Zika virus infection* during pregnancy, by level of local transmission of Zika virus and quarter — 22 U.S. jurisdictions, January 1, 2016–June 30, 2017.
| Characteristic | Areas with widespread local transmission† (n = 129 [3.8%]) |
Areas with limited local transmission§ (n = 340 [10.1%]) |
Areas without local transmission¶ (n = 2,890 [86.0%]) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevalence** | PR†† (95% CI) | Prevalence** | PR†† (95% CI) | Prevalence** | PR†† (95% CI) | |
|
Quarter
| ||||||
| Jan–Mar 2016 |
1.3 |
Reference |
2.2 |
Reference |
1.7 |
Reference |
| Apr–Jun 2016 |
2.5 |
1.9 (0.9–4.0) |
2.0 |
0.9 (0.6–1.3) |
1.7 |
1.0 (0.9–1.1) |
| Jul–Sep 2016 |
3.0 |
2.3 (1.1–4.8) |
2.0 |
0.9 (0.6–1.3) |
1.7 |
1.0 (0.9–1.1) |
| Oct–Dec 2016 |
4.0 |
3.0 (1.4–6.1) |
2.7 |
1.2 (0.9–1.7) |
1.5 |
0.9 (0.8–1.0) |
| Jan–Mar 2017 |
5.6 |
4.1 (2.1–8.4) |
1.9 |
0.8 (0.6–1.2) |
1.5 |
0.9 (0.8–1.0) |
| Apr–Jun 2017 |
2.0 |
1.5 (0.7–3.5) |
2.1 |
1.0 (0.7–1.4) |
1.5 |
0.9 (0.8–1.0) |
|
Zika virus laboratory testing for mothers or infants
| ||||||
| Positive, no. (%) |
50 (38.8%) |
7 (2.1%) |
16 (0.6%) |
|||
| Negative, no. (%) |
55 (42.6%) |
27 (7.9%) |
36 (1.3%) |
|||
| No laboratory testing performed/ NA,§§ no. (%) | 24 (18.6%) |
306 (90.0%) |
2,838 (98.2%) |
|||
Abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; NA = not applicable; PR = prevalence ratio.
* Fetuses and infants included those with 1) brain abnormalities and/or microcephaly or 2) eye abnormalities without mention of a brain abnormality included in the brain abnormalities and/or microcephaly category.
† Jurisdictions with widespread local transmission of Zika virus during 2016–2017 included Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Total live births for areas with widespread local transmission = 42,358.
§ Jurisdictions with limited local transmission of Zika virus during 2016–2017 included southern Florida counties and Texas Public Health Region 11. Total live births for areas with limited local transmission = 156,613.
¶ Jurisdictions without local transmission of Zika virus during 2016–2017 included California (selected counties), Georgia (selected metropolitan Atlanta counties), Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York (excluding New York City residents), North Carolina (selected regions), Oklahoma, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Texas Public Health Region 10, Utah, Vermont, and Virginia. Total live births for areas without local transmission = 1,805,659.
** Per 1,000 live births.
†† Compared with reference, January–March 2016.
§§ Included cases where no testing was performed or testing status was unknown.