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. 2020 Jul 10;11:934. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00934

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Copyright © 2020 Sun, Pri-Tal, Michaeli and Mosquna

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The emerging evolutionary scenario of ABA signaling as described in this review. ABA biosynthesis and PP2C-SnRK2 signaling modules are present in the streptophyte algae (e.g. Klebsormidiophyceae). A PYL protein with only basal, ABA-independent, PP2C-inhibition activity (in light brown) evolved in the common ancestor of Zygnematophyceae and land plants. Along the course of evolution, the PYL protein of the last common ancestor of land plants (in yellow) gained the ABA-dependent activity, thus recruited ABA into the preexisting signaling cascade. In angiosperms, the appearance of a new subfamily of dimeric PYLs (in red) added another layer of regulation, facilitating ABA-mediated fine-tuning of abiotic stress signaling in plants. ABA molecule is presented as a Van der Waals spheres model. The model was generated with Jmol: an open-source Java viewer for chemical structures in 3D. http://www.jmol.org/.