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. 2020 Jul 16;21:487. doi: 10.1186/s12864-020-06878-3

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Platyhelminth evolutionary relationships and segmentation features. The phylogenomic tree (left) was built by MrBayes software with the VT + I + G evolutive model, for 1,688,000 generations, and with a set of 285 orthologs shared by all species. Platyhelminth species are highlighted, with the trematodes (flukes) shaded in light gray and the cestodes (tapeworms) shaded in dark gray. The numbers at the branches are Bayesian posterior probability values. Acelomated (platyhelminths), pseudocoelomated (nematodes), and coelomated (mollusk and annelid) species and corresponding segmentation features are indicated: external segmentation refers to segmented external structures derived from the epidermis (e.g. proglottids in cestodes); neural segmentation refers to ganglia repetition along the longitudinal axis (e.g. the “ladder-like” nervous system of cestodes); segmented structures refer to repeated organs or other anatomical features derived from the mesoderm (e.g. the repeated gonads in cestodes). Cartoons (right) illustrate the metamerism in flukes and full strobilation in tapeworms. Y = yes; N = no; n.a. = not applicable