Figure 1.
Comparative analysis for the expression and phosphorylation of GSK3β in human ESCC cells (TE-1, TE-5, TE-8, TE-9, TE-10, TE-15, KES), normal esophageal squamous epithelial cells (TYNEK-3), and normal squamous mucosa and primary tumors from ESCC patients. (A) Expression of GSK3β and of its phosphorylated forms (pGSK3βS9, inactive form; pGSK3βY216, active form) were examined by Western blotting. β-actin expression was monitored as a loading control in each sample. (B) Representative findings for the expression of GSK3β and its Y216 phosphorylated fraction (pGSK3βY216) in the primary tumor and corresponding normal squamous mucosa of ESCC patients. The scale bar indicates 100 μm in length. Immunohistochemical images were captured using Keyence BZ-X700 Analyzer (Version 1.3). The two right hand graphs generated using GraphPad Prism 5.0 (GraphPad Software, Inc. CA) show statistical comparison of the immunohistochemistry (IHC) scores for GSK3β and pGSK3βY216 between the primary tumor (T) and normal mucosa (N) of ESCC patients. A horizontal bar in each group shows the mean value of IHC scores. (C) Expression of GSK3β mRNA in normal esophageal tissues (N) and primary ESCC tumor tissues (T) based on the TCGA database. The data was generated using the analysis tool UALCAN (https://ualcan.path.uab.edu/)33. n, number of patients; **P < 0.01. Full-length blots for (A) are shown in Supplementary Information, Fig. S9.