Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2020 Jul 17;18:212. doi: 10.1186/s12916-020-01652-4

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 4 — Spatiotemporal overview of the emergence of multidrug resistance, third-generation cephalosporin resistance, and fluoroquinolone non-susceptibility in invasive NTS infections in sub-Saharan Africa. The proportions of multidrug-resistant NTS per time period per country were represented by the choropleth. The presence of third-generation cephalosporin resistance or fluoroquinolone non-susceptibility was indicated with a circle or a star, respectively. For countries represented with black boundaries, the maximum proportion of multidrug-resistant NTS was plotted as no data on multidrug resistance were reported. The maximum proportion of multidrug-resistant NTS was determined as the lowest proportion among ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and chloramphenicol resistance. For the sub-Saharan African countries in gray, no data were available. From 2001 to 2010, the maximum proportion of multidrug resistance in The Gambia was 19.4%, which is not clearly visible due to the small size of the country. For Rwanda in the period until 1990 and for The Gambia in the periods 2001–2010 and after 2010, the triangle indicating the presence of fluoroquinolone non-susceptibility is displayed right next to the respective country and connected to it with a thin line due to the small country sizes. NTS, non-typhoidal Salmonella