Table 3.
Association between serum sex hormone levels and sperm total motilitya
| Sex hormone | n | Sperm total motility (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Least-squares mean (95% CI) | P | P for trend | ||
| Luteinizing hormone | ||||
| Tertile 1 | 112 | 48.4(44.4, 52.3) | Ref | 0.002 |
| Tertile 2 | 114 | 43.9(40.1, 47.8) | 0.12 | |
| Tertile 3 | 112 | 39.4(35.4, 43.3) | 0.002 | |
| Luteinizing hormoneb | ||||
| Tertile 1 | 101 | 47.1(42.9, 51.3) | Ref | 0.04 |
| Tertile 2 | 98 | 44.3(40.2, 48.5) | 0.36 | |
| Tertile 3 | 91 | 40.5(36.0, 44.9) | 0.04 | |
| Follicle-stimulating hormone | ||||
| Tertile 1 | 112 | 46.6(42.6, 50.5) | Ref | 0.01 |
| Tertile 2 | 114 | 45.5(41.6, 49.4) | 0.71 | |
| Tertile 3 | 112 | 39.6(35.6, 43.5) | 0.01 | |
| Follicle-stimulating hormoneb | ||||
| Tertile 1 | 93 | 44.3(39.9, 48.6) | Ref | 0.54 |
| Tertile 2 | 97 | 45.7(41.5, 49.9) | 0.65 | |
| Tertile 3 | 100 | 42.4(38.1, 46.6) | 0.54 | |
| Total testosterone | ||||
| Tertile 1 | 96 | 48.2(43.8, 52.6) | Ref | 0.03 |
| Tertile 2 | 97 | 43.0(38.8, 47.2) | 0.09 | |
| Tertile 3 | 97 | 41.1(367, 45.5) | 0.03 | |
| Total testosteroneb | ||||
| Tertile 1 | 96 | 47.3(42.9, 51.7) | Ref | 0.14 |
| Tertile 2 | 97 | 42.7(38.5, 46.9) | 0.14 | |
| Tertile 3 | 97 | 42.3(37.9, 46.8) | 0.14 | |
| Free testosterone | ||||
| Tertile 1 | 96 | 46.7(42.3, 51.0) | Ref | 0.06 |
| Tertile 2 | 97 | 44.9(40.7, 49.1) | 0.56 | |
| Tertile 3 | 97 | 40.7(36.5, 45.0) | 0.06 | |
| Total estradiol | ||||
| Tertile 1 | 113 | 44.2(40.3, 48.2) | Ref | 0.60 |
| Tertile 2 | 115 | 44.7(40.8, 48.6) | 0.87 | |
| Tertile 3 | 110 | 42.7(38.7, 46.7) | 0.59 | |
| Free estradiol | ||||
| Tertile 1 | 96 | 43.5(39.3, 47.7) | Ref | 0.339 |
| Tertile 2 | 97 | 48.3(44.0, 52.5) | 0.12 | |
| Tertile 3 | 97 | 40.5(36.3, 44.7) | 0.32 | |
| Sex hormone-binding hormone | ||||
| Tertile 1 | 112 | 45.4(41.2, 49.6) | Ref | 0.95 |
| Tertile 2 | 113 | 41.3(37.4, 45.3) | 0.18 | |
| Tertile 3 | 113 | 44.9(40.9, 49.0) | 0.88 | |
aGeneral linear models were adjusted for age at sample collection, BMI (continuous), current smoking (yes or no), and current alcohol consumption (yes or no). P for trend was calculated by treating hormone categories as ordinal predictors in multivariate linear regression models
bMutual adjustment for hormones associated with sperm motility in multivariate linear regression models