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. 2020 Jul 17;20:666. doi: 10.1186/s12885-020-07147-y

Table 1.

Patient Characteristics

Characteristics All Patient Training Cohort Validation Cohort
(N = 44,880) (N = 31,415) (N = 13,465)
Number % Number % Number. %
Diagnostic Age, years
 Mean 66.7 66.7 66.8
 Median 67 67 67
 Range 18–101 18–101 18–96
Gender
 Female 22,737 50.7 15,884 50.6 6853 50.9
 Male 22,143 49.3 15,531 49.4 6612 49.1
Ethnicity
 White 37,487 83.5 26,316 83.8 11,171 83
 Asian 3159 7 2160 6.9 999 7.4
 Black 3939 8.8 2742 8.7 1197 8.9
 Others/Unknown 295 0.7 197 0.6 98 0.7
Primary tumor location
 Left-sided 18,752 41.8 13,103 41.7 5649 42
 Right-sided 26,128 58.2 18,312 58.3 7816 58
Anatomic sites
 Upper 26,831 59.8 18,766 59.7 8065 59.9
 Middle 2152 4.8 1491 4.7 661 4.9
 Lower 14,237 31.7 9940 31.6 4297 31.9
 Bronchus/Others 1660 3.7 1218 3.9 442 3.3
Histologic subtype
 ADC 21,933 48.9 15,321 48.8 6612 49.1
 SCC 12,593 28.1 8871 28.2 3722 27.6
 BAC 4746 10.6 3292 10.5 1454 10.8
 ADSC 1279 2.8 909 2.9 370 2.7
 LCC 1279 2.8 900 2.9 379 2.8
 Others 1327 3 923 2.9 404 3
 Unspecified 1723 3.8 1199 3.8 524 3.9
Differentiation
 Well 6146 13.7 4292 13.7 1854 13.8
 Moderately 19,882 44.3 13,884 44.2 5998 44.5
 Poorly 17,783 39.6 12,485 39.7 5298 39.3
 Undifferentiated 1069 2.4 754 2.4 315 2.3
Clinical stage
 I 27,825 62 19,476 62 8349 62
 II 6715 15 4681 14.9 2034 15.1
 III 7982 17.8 5653 18 2329 17.3
 IV 2358 5.3 1605 5.1 753 5.6
Tumor size, cm
 Mean 3.4 3.4 3.4
 Median 2.8 2.8 2.8
 Range 1–20 1–20 1–20
Tumor extent
 Local 29,526 65.8 20,649 65.7 8877 65.9
 Regional 14,836 33.1 10,404 33.1 4432 32.9
 Distant 518 1.2 362 1.2 156 1.2
Lymph node stage
 N0 32,207 71.8 22,539 71.7 9668 71.8
 N1 6809 15.2 4733 15.1 2076 15.4
 N2 5700 12.7 4027 12.8 1673 12.4
 N3 164 0.4 116 0.4 48 0.4
Examined lymph node
 Mean 9.9 10 9.9
 Median 8 8 8
 Range 1–90 1–90 1–90
Positive lymph node
 Mean 0.8 0.8 0.8
 Median 0 0 0
 Range 0–41 0–41 0–39
Type of surgery
 Lobectomy 37,203 82.9 26,056 82.9 11,147 82.8
 Pneumonectomy 2830 6.3 1978 6.3 852 6.3
 Sub-lobar 4847 10.8 3381 10.8 1466 10.9
Chemotherapy
 None 31,835 70.9 22,214 70.7 9621 71.5
 Yes 13,045 29.1 9201 29.3 3844 28.5
Radiotherapy
 None 39,049 87 27,357 87.1 11,692 86.8
 Yes 5831 13 4058 12.9 1773 13.2
Lung cancer related death 12,958 28.9 9154 29.1 3804 28.3
Other cancer related death 510 1.1 352 1.1 158 1.2
Non-cancer related death 5357 11.9 3743 11.9 1614 12
Follow-up, months
 Mean 39.8 39.8 39.9
 Median 31 30 31
 Range 0–131 0–131 0–131

ADC adenocarcinoma, ASDC adenosquamous carcinoma, BAC bronchoalveolar carcinoma, SCC squamous cell carcinoma, LCC large cell carcinoma