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The mechanical diagram in the process of M1/M2 polarization. Our data support an important regulatory role of TGF‐β1 in macrophage polarization. Scramble cells can secrete a high concentration of TGF‐β1 to induce M2‐like phenotype in inflammation region. TGF‐β1 increases the expression of IL‐10 and decreases the expression of IL‐6 and TNF‐α, which are secreted by monocytes or macrophages. In contrast, nc886 can activate M1‐like phenotype through the mechanism of TGF‐β1 inhibition
