Table 5.5.

Achieving SSCM in TA industry: Related organizational behavior (OB) theories and implications^a.

Theories	Features of Traditional Supply Chains in TA Industry	Features of Sustainable Supply Chains in TA Industry
Transactions cost economics (TCE) theory	Fashion supply chain members focus on costs in making purchasing and production decisions.	Fashion firms should focus on the three bottom lines in making purchasing and production decisions.
Agency theory	Interests of different channel agents, in business costs and benefits, are not fully aligned along the fashion supply chain.	Interests of different channel agents, in the three pillars, need to be well aligned along the fashion supply chain.
Resource dependence theory	Resources tend to be independent among different fashion supply chain members.	Resources are shared and are mutually dependent in fashion supply chains, in order to attain the sustainable development.
Institutional theory	Rely heavily on successful industrial practices to manage the fashion supply chains.	Seeking breakthroughs and enhance innovations in order to respond to social and environmental pressures in managing fashion supply chains.
Game theory	Free riding might exist, and supply chain members all give their own benefits the top priority.	Mutual dependence and special caring are critically important for people and the planet in establishing a SFSC.
Network theory	Strong ties or weak ties among fashion supply chain members are not strategically formed among linked entities.	Network is strategically configured by aligning the economic, social and environmental goals of the fashion supply chain members.
Strategic choice	Strategic decisions are made from the perspectives of individual fashion supply chain members.	Strategic decisions are made from the fashion supply chain’s perspective, based on 3BL.
Resource-based view	Focus on creating economic values through certain critical assets and pertinent capabilities among firms in the fashion supply chain.	Creating economic, social, and environmental benefits through certain precious assets and critical capabilities at the fashion supply chain level.

^aThe choices of theories follow Ketchen and Hult (2007) which are now the classic and well-established empirical theories for supply chain and operations management studies.