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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jun 4.
Published in final edited form as: Health Place. 2020 Jun 4;63:102349. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102349

Table 3:

Distribution of Residence Patterns and Rates of Depression by Life-Course Residence

Ghana South Africa
Distribution Depressed Distribution Depressed
% (n) % (n) % (n) % (n)
Rural-Rural-Rural 53.20 (2234) 8.22(183) 29.58 (939) 3.81 (34)
Rural-Rural-Urban 4.05 (170) 8.28 (14) 4.47 (142) 3.55 (5)
Rural-Urban-Urban 2.67(112) 3.60 (4) 1.76 (56) 7.55 (4)
Rural-Urban-Rural 1.43 (60) 3.33 (2) 0.38 (12) 8.33 (1)
Urban-Rural-Rural 1.43 (60) 5.00 (3) 0.38 (12) 8.33 (1)
Urban-Urban-Rural 3.00(126) 5.56 (7) 2.74 (87) 1.16(1)
Urban-Rural-Urban 0.21 (9) 0.00 (0) 0.19(6) 0.00 (0)
Urban-Urban-Urban 34.01 (1428) 7.58 (108) 60.49 (1920) 4.87 (91)
Total 100 (4199) 7.67(321) 100(3174) 4.46 (137)

Note. Life-course categories represent childhood-adulthood-current residence. Denominators for the percent depressed may differ from the total sample size in each category due to missing data. Percentages reflect values based on the samples and corresponding sample sizes for each category rather than population estimates