Table 1.
Distribution of stress, anxiety and depression across all variables.
| Variable | Category | Sample size (N) | DASS Stress | DASS Anxiety | DASS Depression | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | P-value | Mean (SD) | P-value | Mean (SD) | P-value | |||
| Sex | Male | 86 | 17.28 (8.54) | 0.167 | 14.44 (8.46) | 0.178 | 15.48 (9.63) | 0.576 |
| Female | 124 | 19.03 (9.63) | 16.08 (8.89) | 16.27 (10.49) | ||||
| Residence before joining university | Urban | 167 | 17.67 (9.02) | 0.060 | 15 (8.82) | 0.176 | 15.56 (10.12) | 0.285 |
| Rural | 43 | 20.79 (9.65) | 16.97 (8.31) | 17.44 (10.16) | ||||
| Current living status | Live with family | 145 | 17.10 (9.05) | 0.004 | 14.30 (8.55) | 0.007 | 14.91 (9.91) | 0.029 |
| Live without family | 65 | 21.01 (9.06) | 17.87 (8.70) | 18.27 (10.3) | ||||
| Relationship status | Single | 154 | 18.49 (8.85) | 0.618 | 15.48 (8.65) | 0.335 | 16.15 (10.19) | 0.692 |
| Married | 3 | 13.33 (10.06) | 8 (8.71) | 11.33 (11.01) | ||||
| In a relationship | 53 | 18.07 (10.25) | 15.62 (8.96) | 15.62 (10.03) | ||||
| Contact with parents | Daily | 164 | 17.52 (9.05) | 0.011 | 15.24 (8.66) | 0.356 | 15.13 (9.65) | 0.013 |
| 1/2 times a week | 35 | 19.71 (9.43) | 15.02 (8.98) | 17.25 (11.27) | ||||
| 1/2 times a month | 11 | 25.63 (7.68) | 19.09 (8.96) | 24 (10.39) | ||||
| Sought help | Yes | 93 | 18.45 (9.61) | 0.849 | 16.27 (9.39) | 0.207 | 15.48 (10.14) | 0.552 |
| No | 117 | 18.21 (8.92) | 14.71 (8.15) | 16.32 (10.15) | ||||
| Read books | Yes | 146 | 18.05 (9.19) | 0.541 | 14.94 (8.65) | 0.252 | 15.47 (10.16) | 0.307 |
| No | 64 | 18.90 (9.30) | 16.46 (8.89) | 17.03 (10.06) | ||||
| Volunteering | Yes | 74 | 16.94 (8.62) | 0.103 | 14.43 (8.11) | 0.219 | 14.81 (9.56) | 0.218 |
| No | 136 | 19.05 (9.47) | 15.94 (9.04) | 16.57 (10.41) | ||||
| Positive thoughts | Yes | 137 | 18.40 (8.92) | 0.844 | 15.51 (8.38) | 0.812 | 15.21 (9.77) | 0.159 |
| No | 73 | 18.13 (9.47) | 15.20 (9.42) | 17.34 (10.70) | ||||
| Sufficient Sleep | Yes | 91 | 15.53 (8.40) | <0.001 | 13.56 (8.12) | 0.021 | 12.74 (8.60) | <0.001 |
| Sometimes | 76 | 19.78 (9.46) | 16.39 (8.50) | 17.13 (10.43) | ||||
| No | 43 | 21.58 (8.93) | 17.58 (9.76) | 20.65 (10.51) | ||||
| Balanced diet | Yes | 105 | 16.72 (8.86) | 0.012 | 13.12 (7.73) | <0.001 | 13.84 (9.29) | 0.002 |
| No | 105 | 19.90 (9.32) | 17.69 (9.11) | 18.05 (10.54) | ||||
| Regular Exercise | Yes | 40 | 17.50 (9.25) | 0.539 | 14.35 (8.11) | 0.371 | 13.45 (8.80) | 0.058 |
| No | 170 | 18.50 (9.22) | 15.65 (8.88) | 16.54 (10.35) | ||||
| Relaxation Techniques | Yes | 162 | 18.37 (9.40) | 0.866 | 15.22 (8.53) | 0.592 | 15.37 (10.13) | 0.126 |
| No | 48 | 18.12 (8.63) | 16.04 (9.44) | 17.91 (9.97) | ||||