This article reviews current knowledge about the therapeutic efficacy of bFGF in wound management and scar prevention, which has been accumulated in Japan over the last 2 decades, including Japanese animal model studies, case reports, clinical studies, and randomized controlled trials.

The application of bFGF immediately after debridement and before grafting can improve the healing of chronic ulcers or second-degree burns and prevent pathological scar development.

bFGF signaling promotes both fibroblast proliferation and migration in wound healing by activating the PI3K/Rac1/JNK pathway and may prevent pathological scar formation by inhibiting TGFβ1/SMAD signaling.

Several bFGF delivery systems are being developed, including controlled-release bFGF formulations such as bFGF gelatin sheets, which provide better healing outcomes. However, further research on these alternative formulations may provide optimal clinical advantages.