Table 2.
Quantitative values of the cardiometabolic disease risk factors among the groups of body composition.
| Quantitative values of CD factors | Group 1 LW-EUT & adequate BF% (n = 179) | Group 2 EUT & high BF% (n = 131) | Group 3 OW-OB & high BF% (n = 95) | p values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (P25-P75) | Median (P25-P75) | Median (P25-P75) | ||
| WC (cm) | 66.0 (63.0-68.2)¥† | 71.3 (68.5-74.0)¥‡ | 82.6 (78.7-87.8)†‡ | <0.001∗ |
| WHtR | 0.40 (0.39-0.42)¥† | 0.43 (0.42-0.46)¥‡ | 0.51 (0.48-0.53)†‡ | <0.001∗ |
| NC | 29.6 (29.0-30.7)¥† | 30.5 (29.5-31.2)¥‡ | 32.6 (31.2-33.5)†‡ | <0.001∗ |
| SBP (mmHg) | 103.5 (99.0-110.0)† | 105.5 (100.0-111.3)‡ | 111.2 (105.0 – 120.3)†‡ | <0.001∗ |
| DBP (mmHg) | 69.0 (63.5-73.5)† | 70.0 (65.5-74.5)‡ | 73.7 (67.6-79.9)†‡ | <0.001∗ |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 145.0 (132.0-161.5) | 150.0 (132.2-164.0) | 150.5 (134.5-173.2) | 0.134 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 52.0 (46.0-58.0)† | 49.0 (42.0-58.0) | 46.0 (39.7-54.0)† | <0.001∗ |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 78.8 (64.9-94.6)† | 84.5 (70.2-96.3) | 87.5 (71.9-109.3)† | 0.018∗ |
| VLDL (mg/dL) | 12.6 (9.4-16.0)† | 13.5 (10.6-17.6) | 14.1 (10.8-18.8)† | 0.01∗ |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 63.0 (47.0-80.0)† | 67.5 (53.2-88.0) | 70.5 (54.0-94.2)† | 0.01∗ |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 85.0 (80.0-89.0)† | 85.0 (80.0-88.0) | 87.0 (82.0-91.0)† | 0.032∗ |
| Insulin (mUI/mL) | 5.8 (4.6-7.7)† | 6.6 (4.8-8.6)‡ | 9.1 (6.3-12.9)†‡ | <0.01∗ |
| HOMA-IR | 1.3 (1.0-1.7)† | 1.5 (1.0-1.9)‡ | 2.0 (1.3-3.1)†‡ | <0.001∗ |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 3.4 (2.9-3.9)† | 3.6 (3.0-4.2)‡ | 3.9 (3.5-4.9)†‡ | <0.001∗ |
| hs-CRP (mg/dL) | 0.04 (0.02-0.10)† | 0.07 (0.03-0.17) | 0.10 (0.04-0.26)† | <0.001∗ |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 1.9 (1.2-2.8) | 1.8 (1.3-2.8) | 2.2 (1.3-3.0) | 0.434 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 1.8 (1.2-2.7) | 2.2 (1.2-2.8) | 2.1 (1.4-2.8) | 0.148 |
| Leptin (pg/mL) | 3207.0 (2144.0-4930.0)† | 5944.0 (3800.0-7794.5)‡ | 9521.0 (6505.7-14175.2)†‡ | <0.001∗ |
| IL-10 (pg/mL) | 1.36 (0.9-2.0) | 1.4 (1.0-2.3) | 1.4 (1.0-2.1) | 0.295 |
∗Significant p values (p < 0.005) of Kruskal-Wallis test; ¥significant p values of Mann-Whitney test after Bonferroni correction (≤0.0166) between groups 1 and 2; †significant p values of Mann-Whitney test after Bonferroni correction (≤0.0166) between groups 1 and 3; ‡significant p values of Mann-Whitney test after Bonferroni correction (>0.0166) between groups 2 and 3. LW: low weight; EUT: Eutrophy; OW: overweight; OB: obesity; BF%: body fat percentage; SBP: systolic blood pressure; WC: waist circumference; WHtR: waist-to-height ratio; NC: neck circumference; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; VLDL: very-low-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment–insulin resistance; hs-CRP: high sensitivity C-reactive Protein; IL-6: interleukin-6; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-10: interleukin-10.