Table 2.
Comparison of the mitral annulus parameters, measured at mid-systolic frame, between patients with functional mitral regurgitation and control subjects.
| Functional mitral regurgitation | Control subjects | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 56) | (N = 52) | ||
| MA dimensions | |||
| AP diameter (mm) | 3.4 ± 0.5 | 2.8 ± 0.4 | <0.001 |
| ALPM diameter (mm) | 4.4 ± 0.5 | 3.9 ± 0.5 | <0.001 |
| Commissural diameter (mm) | 4.3 ± 0.5 | 3.9 ± 0.5 | <0.001 |
| MA circumference (cm) | 12.9 ± 1.6 | 11.2 ± 1.2 | <0.05 |
| MA area 2D (cm2) | 12.2 ± 3 | 8.9 ± 2.1 | <0.001 |
| MA area 3D (cm2) | 12.4 ± 3.1 | 9.2 ± 2.2 | <0.001 |
| ALA (cm2) | 8.2 ± 1.9 | 6.2 ± 1.4 | <0.001 |
| ALL (cm) | 2.8 ± 0.4 | 2.2 ± 0.3 | <0.001 |
| PLA (cm2) | 7.0 ± 2.06 | 4.0 ± 1.2 | <0.001 |
| PLL (cm) | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | <0.001 |
| ALA/PLA ratio | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| MA geometry | |||
| Sphericity index | 0.80 ± 0.08 | 0.72 ± 0.06 | <0.001 |
| NPA (°) | 157 ± 11 | 145 ± 10 | <0.001 |
| Annular height (mm) | 6.2 ± 1.8 | 6.8 ± 1.5 | 0.125 |
| Tenting volume (cm3) | 5.2 ± 1.8 | 1.9 ± 0.8 | <0.001 |
| Tenting area (cm2) | 2.3 ± 0.7 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | <0.001 |
| Tenting height (mm) | 10 ± 2 | 6 ± 1 | <0.001 |
| Angle Ao-AP (°) | 145 ± 12 | 130 ± 13 | <0.001 |
ALA: anterior leaflet area; ALL: anterior leaflet length; angle Ao-AP: angle between aorta and the highest plane of mitral annulus; AP: anteroposterior; ALPM: anterolateral-posteromedial; MA: mitral annulus; PLA: posterior leaflet area; PLL: posterior leaflet length; NPA: nonplanarity angle.