. 2020 Jul 1;117(28):16283–16291. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2003667117

Table 1.

Agonist actions of acetylcholine and neonicotinoids on fruit fly, honeybee, and bumblebee nAChRs

	Acetylcholine	Imidacloprid		Thiacloprid		Clothianidin
nAChRs	pEC₅₀	pEC₅₀	I_max	pEC₅₀	I_max	pEC₅₀	I_max
Fruit fly (D. melanogaster)
Dα1/Dβ1	5.12 ± 0.02^a,^*	6.76 ± 0.23^ab	0.112 ± 0.009^a	7.64 ± 0.18^ab	0.065 ± 0.005^a	7.21 ± 0.12^a	0.296 ± 0.013^a
Dα1/Dβ1(R81T)	5.48 ± 0.04^†	6.06 ± 0.12^†	0.032 ± 0.002^†	7.01 ± 0.09^†	0.015 ± 0.001^†	5.33 ± 0.11^†	0.326 ± 0.017
Dα1/Dα2/Dβ1	4.29 ± 0.04^b	6.39 ± 0.18^a	0.046 ± 0.004^ab	6.63 ± 0.17^c	0.020 ± 0.002^bc	5.53 ± 0.07^b	0.467 ± 0.021^b
Dα1/Dα2/Dβ1(R81T)	4.68 ± 0.04^†	5.76 ± 0.15	0.023 ± 0.002	6.44 ± 0.18	0.017 ± 0.002	ND^‡	ND
Dα1/Dβ1/Dβ2	4.82 ± 0.02^c	6.97 ± 0.21^ab	0.244 ± 0.022^c	7.73 ± 0.19^ab	0.056 ± 0.005^ab	6.66 ± 0.07^c	0.411 ± 0.011^bc
Dα1/Dβ1(R81T)/Dβ2	5.33 ± 0.03^†	5.65 ± 0.25^†	0.025 ± 0.003^†	7.29 ± 0.09	0.0057 ± 0.0003^†	ND	ND
Dα1/Dα2/Dβ1/Dβ2	5.22 ± 0.07^a	6.92 ± 0.12^ab	0.592 ± 0.030^d	7.15 ± 0.08^ac	0.454 ± 0.019^d	6.51 ± 0.05^cd	0.821 ± 0.017^d
Dα1/Dα2/Dβ1(R81T)/Dβ2	4.95 ± 0.04^†	5.69 ± 0.18^†	0.081 ± 0.006^†	7.07 ± 0.12	0.014 ± 0.001^†	5.49 ± 0.04^†	0.951 ± 0.022^†
Honeybee (A. mellifera)
Amα1/Amα8/Amβ1	5.94 ± 0.04^e	7.63 ± 0.13^b	0.075 ± 0.004^a	7.94 ± 0.19^ab	0.058 ± 0.006^ab	7.96 ± 0.07^e	0.788 ± 0.020^d
Amα1/Amα2/Amα8/Amβ1	5.72 ± 0.03^f	7.48 ± 0.16^b	0.070 ± 0.005^a	8.16 ± 0.13^b	0.037 ± 0.003^bc	8.09 ± 0.09^e	0.766 ± 0.024^de
Bumblebee (B. terrestris)
Btα1/Btα8/Btβ1	5.80 ± 0.03^ef	7.60 ± 0.26^b	0.107 ± 0.010^a	7.29 ± 0.26^abc	0.094 ± 0.008^a	7.87 ± 0.06^ef	0.759 ± 0.018^de
Btα1/Btα2/Btα8/Btβ1	5.66 ± 0.03^f	7.40 ± 0.20^b	0.085 ± 0.007^a	7.14 ± 0.38^ac	0.092 ± 0.011^a	7.41 ± 0.10^ag	0.680 ± 0.029^e

Data are represented as mean ± SEM (n = 5).

Different letters (a−g) indicate that pEC₅₀ and I_max data for each ligand differ between the wild-type nAChRs compared (one-way ANOVA, Tukey test, P < 0.05).

^{^†}

Indicates that data for the R81T mutant differ from that for the corresponding wild-type nAChR in D. melanogaster (two-way ANOVA, Bonferroni test, P < 0.05).

^{^‡}

ND: could not be determined with accuracy because the concentration–response curve did not attain a maximum.