Table 3.

Correlations With E-cigarette Dependence Measures With E-cigarette Self-report and Biomarker Dependence Criteria Among Dual Users

	Self-rated addiction	Vapes/d	Vaping d/wk	Time to first vape	Nicotine concentration	Cotinine	Molar sum of cotinine and 3HC	NNAL
Vapes/da	.18*	—	.30**	.31**	−.12	−.05	−.03	−.13
Vaping d/wk	.33**	.30**	—	.33**	−.26**	−.02	−.01	−.15
e-FTCD	.56**	.48**	.43**	.85**	.02	−.09	−.05	−.20**
PS-ECDI	.71**	.39**	.43**	.79**	.02	−.03	−.002	−.16*
e-WISDM Total	.69**	.23**	.31**	.55**	.02	−.14	−.13	−.18*
e-WISDM PDM	.72**	.30**	.39**	.61**	.03	−.14	−.13	−.20*
e-WISDM SDM	.61**	.16*	.22**	.46**	.02	−.12	−.12	−.15*
e-WISDM Affiliative Attachment	.46**	.06	.09	.34**	.07	−.11	−.13	−.08
e-WISDM Affective Enhancement	.54**	.07	.18*	.42**	.12	−.08	−.08	−.10
e-WISDM Automaticity	.54**	.33**	.36**	.49**	.03	−.16*	−.12	−.18*
e-WISDM Loss of Control	.71**	.18*	.25**	.49**	.07	−.17*	−.19*	−.16*
e-WISDM Cognitive Enhancement	.52**	.17*	.20**	.37**	.04	−.09	−.10	−.15*
e-WISDM Craving	.72**	.15*	.33**	.50**	.04	−.09	−.07	−.06
e-WISDM Cue Exposure	.57**	.11	.18*	.40**	.03	−.16*	−.08	−.07
e-WISDM Social/Environmental Goads	.19**	.16*	.10	.25**	−.08	−.08	−.05	−.09
e-WISDM Taste	.30**	.13	.21**	.21**	−.11	−.08	−.10	−.18*
e-WISDM Tolerance	.62**	.36**	.43**	.67**	−.02	−.09	−.10	−.28**
e-WISDM Weight Control	.42**	.05	.13	.29**	.01	−.04	−.03	−.10

e-FTCD = e-cigarette Fagerström Test of Cigarette Dependence; e-WISDM = e-cigarette Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives; PDM = Primary Dependence Motives; PS-ECDI = Penn State Electronic Cigarette Dependence Index; SDM = Secondary Dependence Motives.

^aOn days when you vape, how many times per day do you usually use your electronic cigarette? (Assume one “time” consists of around 15 puffs, or lasts around 10 minutes.)

*p < .05, **p < .01.