Table 1.
Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients in Association With Atopic Conditions in 1043 COVID-19 Positive Patients in a 2-Center Study From the United States
| COVID-19 outcomes | Conditions |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atopya |
Allergic rhinitis |
Eczema |
Food allergy |
Allergic asthmab |
Nonallergic asthma |
|||||||
| n = 257 |
n = 171 |
n = 58 |
n = 80 |
n = 86 |
n = 179 |
|||||||
| Odds ratio (95% CI) or beta (95% CI) | P valuec | Odds ratio (95% CI) or beta (95% CI) | P valuec | Odds ratio (95% CI) or beta (95% CI) | P valuec | Odds ratio (95% CI) or beta (95% CI) | P valuec | Odds ratio (95% CI) or beta (95% CI) | P valuec | Odds ratio (95% CI) or beta (95% CI) | P valuec | |
| Hospitalized | 0.62 (0.44-0.86) | .004 | 0.64 (0.43-0.92) | .02 | 0.51 (0.25-0.90) | .045 | 0.97 (0.57-1.62) | .90 | 0.77 (0.57-1.03) | .08 | 1.03 (0.75-1.41) | .85 |
| Duration of hospitalization, mean (SD) | −1.67 (−2.9 to −0.4) | .008 | −2.33 (−3.6 to 0.9) | .001 | −2.2 (−4.5 to 0.2) | .07 | 1.79 (−0.57 to 4.17) | .13 | −0.68 (1.81-0.45) | .24 | 1.00 (0.26-2.27) | .12 |
| Admitted to ICU | 0.75 (0.46-1.17) | .21 | 0.71 (0.40-1.19) | .21 | 0.65 (0.22-1.55) | .37 | 0.97 (0.41-2.01) | .93 | 1.02 (0.69-1.51) | .90 | 1.31 (0.85-1.99) | .22 |
| Intubated | 0.61 (0.33-1.07) | .10 | 0.75 (0.38-1.37) | .37 | 0.18 (0.01-0.87) | .09 | 0.71 (0.21-1.83) | .53 | 1.06 (0.66-1.68) | .81 | 1.45 (0.87-2.36) | .14 |
| Duration of intubation, mean (SD) | −1.1 (−2.3 to +0.2) | .10 | −1.4 (2.80 to −0.07) | .039 | −0.93 (−3.4 to 1.5) | .46 | 1.08 (−2.08-4.25) | .50 | 0.21 (−1.00-1.44) | .72 | 1.18 (0.41-3.21) | .011 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; ICU, intensive care unit.
NOTE: Bold font indicates statistical significance.
Atopy is defined as presence of allergic rhinitis and/or eczema and/or food allergy.
Allergic asthma is defined by asthma diagnosed based on the Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines and evidence of inhalant allergen sensitization, and nonallergic asthma are individuals with asthma without inhalant allergen sensitization. In this article, those with comorbid asthma and allergic rhinitis are grouped under allergic asthma and those with asthma without allergic rhinitis are grouped under nonallergic asthma.
P values for categorical variables are calculated by logistic regression comparing categorical variables adjusted for age, race, sex, and BMI, or analysis of covariance comparing the adjusted means of continuous variables adjusting for age, race, sex, and BMI. Odds ratio (95% CI) are reported for categorical variables and beta is reported for continuous variables.