Table 1.
Comparison of sociodemographic and clinical variables across the groups
| Variables | SCZ (n=38) Mean±SD/n (%) |
HC (n=20) Mean±SD/n (%) |
t/χ2, df=1, 57 | PS (n=18) Mean±SD/n (%) |
NS (n=10) Mean±SD/n (%) |
t/χ2, df=1, 27 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 31.56±7.05 | 29.95±3.78 | 0.93 | 32.50±8.71 | 29.30±4.71 | 1.07 |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Unmarried | 15 (39.5) | 8 (40) | 0.01 | 8 (44.4) | 3 (30) | 0.56 |
| Married | 23 (60.5) | 12 (60) | 10 (55.6) | 7 (70) | ||
| Religion | ||||||
| Hindu | 28 (73.7) | 18 (90) | 2.17 | 12 (66.7) | 8 (80) | 0.58 |
| Non-Hindu | 10 (26.3) | 2 (10) | 6 (33.3) | 2 (20) | ||
| Educationf | ||||||
| Illiterate/primary | 13 (34.2) | 7 (35) | 4.45 | 3 (16.7) | 4 (40) | 5.72 |
| Secondary | 7 (18.4) | 0 (0) | 7 (38.9) | 0 (0) | ||
| Graduate | 18 (47.4) | 13 (65) | 8 (44.4) | 6 (60) | ||
| Employment | ||||||
| Unemployed | 30 (78.9) | 6 (30) | 13.33*** | 5 (27.8) | 2 (20) | 0.20 |
| Employed | 8 (21.1) | 14 (70) | 13 (72.2) | 8 (80) | ||
| Socioeconomic statusf | ||||||
| Lower | 16 (42.1) | 3 (15) | 4.40 | 5 (27.8) | 5 (50) | 1.74 |
| Middle | 21 (55.3) | 16 (80) | 12 (66.7) | 5 (50) | ||
| Higher | 1 (2.6) | 1 (5) | 1 (5.6) | 0 (0) | ||
| Habitatf | ||||||
| Rural | 23 (60.5) | 5 (25) | 8.20* | 9 (50) | 7 (70) | 2.14 |
| Semi urban | 3 (7.9) | 6 (30) | 3 (16.7) | 0 (0) | ||
| Urban | 12 (31.6) | 9 (45) | 6 (33.3) | 3 (30) | ||
| Duration of illness (months) | 47.18±26.04 | 43.22.±27.40 | 55.20±31.44 | 1.05 | ||
| Chlorpromazine equivalents | 425.66±163.65 | 438.33±127.67 | 418.92±198.90 | 0.19 | ||
| PANSS | ||||||
| Positive | 21.84±5.23 | 25.83±3.36 | 16.90±2.51 | 7.31*** | ||
| Negative | 20.94±8.11 | 15.56±3.28 | 30.70±5.54 | 9.14*** | ||
| General psychopathology | 29.24±8.36 | 27.61±5.91 | 33.50±9.74 | 2.00 | ||
| Total | 72.03±13.31 | 69.00±8.32 | 81.10±12.06 | 3.14** |
*P<.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001; fFisher exact test used. SCZ – Schizophrenia patients; HC – Healthy controls; PS – Schizophrenia patients with predominantly positive symptoms; NS – Schizophrenia patients with predominantly negative symptoms; PANSS – Positive and negative syndrome scale; SD – Standard deviation