Table 2.
Univariable and multivariable analysis of the effect of cohort characteristics on mortality in COVID-19
| Univariable models | Multivariable model | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | p | HR | 95% CI | p | |||
| Age | 1.03 | 1.01 | 1.06 | 0.01 | 1.04 | 1.01 | 1.07 | < 0.01 |
| Sex | 1.41 | 0.99 | 2.01 | 0.06 | 1.39 | 0.96 | 2.01 | 0.08 |
| Ethnicity | ||||||||
| South Asian | 2.08 | 1.20 | 3.6 | 0.01 | 2.00 | 1.13 | 3.51 | 0.02 |
| Black | 1.12 | 0.60 | 2.1 | 0.72 | 1.30 | 0.70 | 2.51 | 0.38 |
| White | [Ref] | [Ref] | ||||||
| Mixed | 1.00 | 0.53 | 1.89 | 0.99 | 0.93 | 0.49 | 1.77 | 0.83 |
| Unknown | 0.85 | 0.48 | 1.49 | 0.57 | 0.96 | 0.54 | 1.70 | 0.88 |
| IMD | 1.02 | 0.95 | 1.11 | 0.54 | 1.00 | 0.93 | 1.08 | 0.98 |
| Income | 1.04 | 0.97 | 1.11 | 0.27 | ||||
| Education | 1.01 | 0.94 | 1.09 | 0.76 | ||||
| Health | 1.02 | 0.95 | 1.09 | 0.56 | ||||
| CFS | 1.12 | 1.02 | 1.23 | 0.02 | 1.88 | 1.37 | 2.59 | < 0.01 |
| COVID-19 | 4.40 | 2.78 | 6.97 | < 0.01 | 213 | 24.63 | 1842 | < 0.01 |
| COVID-19 × CFS interaction | 0.51 | 0.37 | 0.71 | < 0.01 | ||||
HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, IMD Index of Multiple Deprivation, CFS Clinical Frailty Scale