Table 4.
Descriptive statistics and item–total correlation
| Scenarios | Statements | Denotes | Strongly disagree (%) | Disagree (%) | Neither agree nor disagree (%) | Agree (%) | Strongly agree (%) | Mean | SD | Variance | Skewness | Kurtosis | Corrected item–total correlation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lockdown scenario 1: Withdraw the existing partial lockdown (LS1) | People will start moving towards regular life | LS1S1 | 9.4 | 8.2 | 6.9 | 28.3 | 47.2 | 3.96 | 1.314 | 1.726 | − 1.156 | 0.107 | 0.28 |
| Formal and informal economical activities will be started | LS1S2 | 3.1 | 11.3 | 10.1 | 32.7 | 42.8 | 4.01 | 1.128 | 1.272 | − 1.031 | 0.122 | 0.35 | |
| Massive movement and a mass gathering of people will be started again | LS1S3 | 5.7 | 5 | 4.4 | 21.4 | 63.5 | 4.32 | 1.138 | 1.295 | − 1.805 | 2.31 | 0.31 | |
| Community transmission of COVID-19 will increase due to people’s movement and mass gathering | LS1S4 | 1.9 | 0.6 | 2.5 | 16.4 | 78.6 | 4.69 | 0.729 | 0.531 | − 3.226 | 12.089 | 0.36 | |
| The number of infected populations will increase | LS1S5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 3.8 | 19.5 | 75.5 | 4.69 | 0.638 | 0.407 | − 2.579 | 8.58 | 0.38 | |
| Pressure will increase in the existing health care facilities | LS1S6 | 1.3 | 0 | 1.9 | 18.9 | 78 | 4.72 | 0.626 | 0.391 | − 3.334 | 14.965 | 0.44 | |
| Healthcare system will collapse due to limited human and physical resources | LS1S7 | 1.9 | 1.3 | 5 | 25.2 | 66.7 | 4.53 | 0.81 | 0.655 | − 2.288 | 6.176 | 0.42 | |
| The number of deaths will increase | LS1S8 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 6.9 | 24.5 | 66.7 | 4.55 | 0.735 | 0.54 | − 1.884 | 4.08 | 0.49 | |
| Panic will rise in the mass communities | LS1S9 | 0.6 | 2.5 | 5.7 | 27.7 | 63.5 | 4.51 | 0.77 | 0.593 | − 1.841 | 3.775 | 0.48 | |
| Possibility of the full lockdown of the whole system again | LS1S10 | 5 | 5 | 9.4 | 28.9 | 51.6 | 4.17 | 1.115 | 1.243 | − 1.451 | 1.418 | 0.45 | |
| No basic services will be available | LS1S11 | 3.1 | 9.4 | 27 | 31.4 | 28.9 | 3.74 | 1.076 | 1.158 | − 0.536 | − 0.376 | 0.39 | |
| An irreversible loss to the economy | LS1S12 | 3.1 | 2.5 | 10.1 | 27.7 | 56.6 | 4.32 | 0.976 | 0.953 | − 1.674 | 2.673 | 0.44 | |
| More unemployment and loss of livelihood | LS1S13 | 1.9 | 6.3 | 39.6 | 52.2 | 4.4 | 0.772 | 0.596 | − 1.839 | 5.314 | 0.50 | ||
| Social conflict and crime will rise | LS1S14 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 9.4 | 35.8 | 50.9 | 4.32 | 0.867 | 0.751 | − 1.56 | 2.951 | 0.54 | |
| More people will die | LS1S15 | 1.3 | 2.5 | 5.7 | 36.5 | 54.1 | 4.4 | 0.811 | 0.658 | − 1.71 | 3.69 | 0.61 | |
| Management strategies for lockdown scenario 1 | Continue the existing partial lockdown | LS1M1 | 2.5 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 28.3 | 57.9 | 4.33 | 0.992 | 0.983 | − 1.698 | 2.436 | 0.33 |
| Deep analysis of the situation and continue this existing partial lockdown | LS1M2 | 2.5 | 5.7 | 6.9 | 35.8 | 49.1 | 4.23 | 0.982 | 0.964 | − 1.498 | 1.982 | 0.44 | |
| Deep analysis of the situation and go for full lockdown with relief support to the poor and most vulnerable | LS1M3 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 3.8 | 20.1 | 73 | 4.62 | 0.761 | 0.58 | − 2.535 | 7.324 | 0.37 | |
| Lockdown scenario 2: Continue the existing partial lockdown (LS2) | Limited people’s movement will enable low-level community transmission of COVID-19 | LS2S1 | 5 | 4.4 | 8.8 | 40.9 | 40.9 | 4.08 | 1.061 | 1.126 | − 1.42 | 1.703 | 0.34 |
| Existing health facilities will not be able to provide adequate services to the number of COVID-19 patients due to limited community transmission | LS2S2 | 0 | 1.9 | 15.1 | 52.2 | 30.8 | 4.12 | 0.724 | 0.524 | − 0.489 | 0.004 | 0.32 | |
| Infection and death rate will increase slowly | LS2S3 | 5 | 7.5 | 15.1 | 51.6 | 20.8 | 3.75 | 1.029 | 1.06 | − 1.043 | 0.817 | 0.28 | |
| Due to partial lockdown, the formal and informal business will be hampered | LS2S4 | 1.3 | 2.5 | 6.9 | 46.5 | 42.8 | 4.27 | 0.801 | 0.642 | − 1.427 | 3.065 | 0.43 | |
| Poor people living in hand to mouth will be severely affected | LS2S5 | 0.6 | 4.4 | 5 | 19.5 | 70.4 | 4.55 | 0.832 | 0.692 | − 2.054 | 3.885 | 0.53 | |
| The formal education system will be hampered | LS2S6 | 3.1 | 7.5 | 12.6 | 33.3 | 43.4 | 4.06 | 1.071 | 1.148 | − 1.127 | 0.615 | 0.44 | |
| There will be less supply of basic products for daily use | LS2S7 | 0.6 | 5.7 | 7.5 | 42.8 | 43.4 | 4.23 | 0.864 | 0.746 | − 1.233 | 1.451 | 0.43 | |
| Price of most of the basic products will be higher than usual | LS2S8 | 0 | 3.8 | 6.9 | 38.4 | 50.9 | 4.36 | 0.775 | 0.6 | − 1.234 | 1.322 | 0.38 | |
| Poor people will suffer food and nutritional deficiency | LS2S9 | 0.6 | 5 | 3.8 | 25.8 | 64.8 | 4.49 | 0.841 | 0.707 | − 1.91 | 3.452 | 0.38 | |
| Gender-based violence will increase | LS2S10 | 2.5 | 8.8 | 28.9 | 32.7 | 27 | 3.73 | 1.035 | 1.072 | − 0.476 | − 0.354 | 0.37 | |
| There will be a need for emergency food and financial support to the poor communities | LS2S11 | 0 | 1.3 | 3.1 | 27.7 | 67.9 | 4.62 | 0.613 | 0.376 | − 1.733 | 3.374 | 0.52 | |
| Lack of support and improper management will lead to the psychosocial and socio-economic crisis | LS2S12 | 0 | 1.3 | 5.7 | 40.9 | 52.2 | 4.44 | 0.662 | 0.438 | − 1.038 | 1.065 | 0.50 | |
| Management strategies for lockdown scenario 2 | Limit the partial lockdown situation just considering the most basic services in a tailored way | LS2M1 | 1.9 | 4.4 | 13.2 | 47.2 | 33.3 | 4.06 | 0.902 | 0.813 | − 1.109 | 1.468 | 0.29 |
| Increase the health facilities involving private sectors | LS2M2 | 0 | 1.3 | 3.8 | 35.8 | 59.1 | 4.53 | 0.635 | 0.403 | − 1.311 | 1.951 | 0.39 | |
| Massive awareness and enforcement of proper lockdown and quarantine initiatives | LS2M3 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 4.4 | 34 | 60.4 | 4.53 | 0.673 | 0.453 | − 1.742 | 4.716 | 0.47 | |
| Provide emergency relief to the poor communities both in urban and rural areas ensuring transparency | LS2M4 | 0.6 | 0 | 3.8 | 23.3 | 72.3 | 4.67 | 0.613 | 0.376 | − 2.333 | 7.934 | 0.47 | |
| Provide compensation support to the informal businesses (micro, small and medium enterprises) | LS2M5 | 1.3 | 0 | 8.8 | 37.1 | 52.8 | 4.4 | 0.756 | 0.571 | − 1.535 | 3.683 | 0.51 | |
| Implement inclusive sustainable quick plan and policies to revive the economy and employment | LS2M6 | 0 | 0.6 | 6.3 | 35.2 | 57.9 | 4.5 | 0.645 | 0.416 | − 1.086 | 0.72 | 0.51 | |
| Lockdown scenario 3: Full lockdown/shutdown with an exit plan (LS3) | Very limited people’s movement will reduce the risk of community transmission of COVID-19 | LS3S1 | 2.5 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 30.8 | 57.9 | 4.37 | 0.945 | 0.893 | − 1.855 | 3.354 | 0.33 |
| Existing with increased facilities for COVID-19 in the health system will be able to provide health services to the infected peoples | LS3S2 | 3.8 | 8.8 | 16.4 | 38.4 | 32.7 | 3.87 | 1.083 | 1.174 | − 0.895 | 0.19 | 0.26 | |
| Number of infection and death will be limited | LS3S3 | 3.1 | 6.3 | 11.9 | 44 | 34.6 | 4.01 | 1.003 | 1.006 | − 1.156 | 1.12 | 0.30 | |
| Due to full lockdown, the formal and informal business, economic and education sector will be hampered severely | LS3S4 | 0 | 1.9 | 5.7 | 37.7 | 54.7 | 4.45 | 0.691 | 0.477 | − 1.229 | 1.533 | 0.41 | |
| Loss of livelihood and unemployment rate will increase due to business shutdown | LS3S5 | 0 | 1.3 | 4.4 | 39 | 55.3 | 4.48 | 0.645 | 0.416 | − 1.16 | 1.495 | 0.58 | |
| Poor communities both in urban and rural areas will be affected severely | LS3S6 | 0 | 0.6 | 4.4 | 30.2 | 64.8 | 4.59 | 0.608 | 0.37 | − 1.382 | 1.687 | 0.53 | |
| Supply and access to basic daily products in urban areas will be reduced drastically | LS3S7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 10.1 | 34.6 | 54.1 | 4.41 | 0.748 | 0.56 | − 1.291 | 2.058 | 0.45 | |
| The extreme need for relief and financial support in the urban and rural communities will increase | LS3S8 | 0 | 1.3 | 3.8 | 36.5 | 58.5 | 4.52 | 0.635 | 0.403 | − 1.286 | 1.892 | 0.52 | |
| Poor and lower-middle-class communities will suffer food and nutrition deficiency | LS3S9 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 3.8 | 33.3 | 59.7 | 4.48 | 0.77 | 0.593 | − 2.01 | 5.311 | 0.36 | |
| Gender discrimination and violence will increase | LS3S10 | 2.5 | 7.5 | 24.5 | 32.7 | 32.7 | 3.86 | 1.042 | 1.087 | − 0.657 | − 0.172 | 0.47 | |
| People will be involved with conflict and crime to access the basic needs | LS3S11 | 0.6 | 1.9 | 10.7 | 44.7 | 42.1 | 4.26 | 0.773 | 0.598 | − 1.065 | 1.614 | 0.53 | |
| The whole socio-economic system will be hampered severely if not managed properly | LS3S12 | 0 | 0.6 | 4.4 | 30.2 | 64.8 | 4.59 | 0.608 | 0.37 | − 1.382 | 1.687 | 0.56 | |
| Management strategies for lockdown scenario 3 | Continuous situation analysis of disease outbreak and implement the full lockdown with relief and basic support for human survival | LS3M1 | 0 | 0 | 7.5 | 34.6 | 57.9 | 4.5 | 0.635 | 0.403 | − 0.912 | − 0.215 | 0.52 |
| Coordinated emergency relief support | LS3M2 | 0 | 0 | 3.8 | 30.2 | 66 | 4.62 | 0.559 | 0.312 | − 1.159 | 0.374 | 0.53 | |
| Synergy with government, law enforcement agencies, and private sector initiatives | LS3M3 | 0 | 0 | 8.8 | 31.4 | 59.7 | 4.51 | 0.655 | 0.429 | − 0.994 | − 0.141 | 0.56 | |
| Consider microfinance support with no or low interest for micro-, small, and medium enterprise | LS3M4 | 2.5 | 0.6 | 5.7 | 37.7 | 53.5 | 4.39 | 0.834 | 0.695 | − 1.968 | 5.21 | 0.54 | |
| Loan support for business and economic recovery | LS3M5 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 5.7 | 37.1 | 54.7 | 4.43 | 0.767 | 0.588 | − 1.757 | 4.436 | 0.51 | |
| Long-term planning and implementation of policies regarding COVID-19, psychosocial, and socio-economic loss | LS3M6 | 0 | 2.5 | 3.8 | 35.8 | 57.9 | 4.49 | 0.692 | 0.479 | − 1.472 | 2.465 | 0.48 |