Table 4.

Binary logistic regressions predicting social contexts of substance use during COVID-19 pandemic

	SU alone			SU with friends via technology			SU with friends face-to-face			Sent posts of SU to friends			SU with parents
	Exp(B)	95% CI	p	Exp(B)	95% CI	p	Exp(B)	95% CI	p	Exp(B)	95% CI	p	Exp(B)	95% CI	p
Model 1 (hypothesis 3)
Gender	1.59	1.04–2.44	.03	.81	.49–1.36	.43	1.65	1.00–2.72	.05	.44	.26–75	.00	.71	.46–1.09	.12
Age	1.32	1.03–1.69	.03	1.57	1.18–2.09	.00	.82	.61–.1.10	.19	1.36	1.05–1.76	.02	1.44	1.15–1.79	.00
Ethnicity	.72	.48–1.09	.12	.86	.54–1.38	.53	.95	.57–1.58	.85	.81	.53–1.25	.35	.41	.27–.61	.00
Pre-COVID substance use	1.20	1.17–1.24	.00	1.16	1.13–1.19	.00	1.15	1.12–1.18	.00	1.14	1.11–1.17	.00	1.03	1.00–1.06	.03
Reputation concerns	1.16	1.01–1.33	.03	1.13	.96–1.32	.16	1.08	.91–1.29	.36	1.10	.95–1.28	.20	.99	.87–1.12	.86
Self-reported popularity	.98	.90–1.06	.61	1.14	1.03–1.26	.01	1.04	.93–1.15	.53	1.14	1.04–1.25	.00	1.02	.95–1.10	.57
Popularity X rep concerns	1.08	1.02–1.14	.01	.96	.90–1.03	.28	.91	.85–.98	.01	1.01	.95–1.08	.73	.96	.91–1.01	.09
Model 2 (hypothesis 4)
Gender	1.86	1.20–2.87	.01	.93	.55–1.56	.77	1.71	1.02–2.85	.04	.52	.31–.89	.02	.72	.47–1.12	.15
Age	1.27	.99	.06	1.52	1.14–2.02	.00	.81	.60–1.09	.16	1.31	1.01–1.68	.04	1.42	1.14–1.77	.00
Ethnicity	.68	.45–.1.04	.07	.83	.52–1.33	.45	.93	.56–1.55	.79	.78	.51–1.20	.25	.40	.27–.60	.00
Pre-COVID substance use	1.20	1.16–1.23	.00	1.16	1.13–1.19	.00	1.15	1.11–1.18	.00	1.14	1.11–1.17	.00	1.03	1.00–1.05	.04
Fear of COVID-19	1.45	1.02–2.07	.04	1.15	.78–1.70	.49	1.13	.74–1.74	.58	1.25	.87–1.80	.22	.93	.68–1.27	.65
Depression	1.57	1.21–2.04	.00	1.07	.80–1.42	.67	.96	.70–1.31	.77	1.30	1.00–1.69	.05	1.08	.86–1.37	.50
Anxiety	.83	.66–1.03	.10	1.03	.80–1.31	.83	1.07	.82–1.41	.61	.91	.73–1.14	.41	.99	.81–1.21	.93

Bolded Exp(B) and 95% CIs indicate significant effects at p < .05; gender reference group = boys; ethnicity reference group = nonwhite.

CI = confidence interval; SU = substance use.