Table 4.
Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis on the association between sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and mortality by stage
| Multivariable1 HR (95% CI) – Stage I | Multivariable1 HR (95% CI) – Stage II/III | |
|---|---|---|
| Tumor type | ||
| GCTs | Ref. | Ref. |
| SCSTs | 1.06 (0.60–1.86) | 3.28 (1.88–5.73)*** |
| Age (per 5-year increase) | 1.23 (1.20–1.26)*** | 1.13 (1.10–1.16)*** |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | Ref. | Ref. |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1.18 (0.80–1.72) | 1.13 (0.81–1.56) |
| Hispanic/other | 1.14 (0.95–1.38) | 1.12 (0.94–1.32) |
| Insurance | ||
| Private insurance | Ref. | Ref. |
| Uninsured | 2.58 (2.08–3.21)*** | 2.07 (1.72–2.50)*** |
| Medicaid/Medicare/other government insurance | 3.15 (2.64–3.75)*** | 2.31 (1.97–2.70)*** |
| Income (per year) | ||
| < $38,000 | Ref. | Ref. |
| $38,000–$62,999 | 0.92 (0.74–1.15) | 0.96 (0.79–1.16) |
| > $63,000 | 0.74 (0.56–0.98)* | 0.79 (0.61–1.02) |
| Percent in ZIP code without a high school diploma | ||
| > 21% | Ref. | Ref. |
| 7–20.9% | 0.87 (0.70–1.07) | 0.80 (0.67–0.97)* |
| < 7% | 0.80 (0.61–1.06) | 0.67 (0.52–0.88)** |
| Residence | ||
| Metropolitan | Ref. | Ref. |
| Urban/rural | 1.18 (0.98–1.42) | 1.09 (0.91–1.29) |
| Charlson-Deyo comorbidity score | ||
| 0 | Ref. | Ref. |
| > 1 | 2.03 (1.64–2.51)*** | 2.03 (1.68–2.45)*** |
CI = Confidence interval, GCTs = Germ cell tumors, HR = Hazard ratio, SCSTs = Sex cord stromal tumors
*p < 0.05
**p < 0.01
***p < 0.001
1The following variables were included in the multivariable analysis: tumor type, age, diagnosis year, race/ethnicity, insurance, yearly income, percent in ZIP code without a high school diploma, residence, Charlson-Deyo comorbidity score