Table 1.

Summary of commercially available rapid identification/antibiotic susceptibility testing technologies for bloodstream infections. Adapted from Edmiston et al. (130)

Technology	Pathogen identification	Detection of antibiotic resistance	Antibiotic susceptibility testing with MIC	Turnaround time/time to result from patient blood	Turnaround time/time to result from positive blood culture
Singleplex PCR	Yes	No	No	NA	1–3 h
Multiplex PCR	Yes	Genotypic only	No	NA	1–2 h
NAAT/microarray	Yes	Genotypic only	No	NA	2.5 h
MALDI-TOF	Yes	No	No	NA	24 h
PNA-FISH	Yes	No	No	NA	1 h
T2MR assay	Yes	No	No	3–5 h	NA

Abbreviations: MALDI-TOF, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time-of-flight; MIC, minimum inhibitory concentration; NA, not applicable; NAAT, nucleic acid amplification technology; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PNA-FISH, peptide nucleic acid–fluorescence in situ hybridization.