Table 2.

Pearson correlation coefficients for difficult infant temperament and study predictors, demographics, and childbirth-related information

	Difficult temperament	Prenatal anxiety	Fear of childbirth	Panic disorder	Agora-phobia	GAD	Specific phobia	Social phobia	OCD	PTSD
Study outcome
Difficult infant temperament	–	0.16**	0.21**	0.02	0.10**	0.07*	0.05*	0.05*	0.03	0.02
Study predictors
General prenatal anxiety		–	0.32**	0.23**	0.29**	0.33**	0.23**	0.21**	0.20**	0.12**
Fear of childbirth			–	0.07*	0.14**	0.08**	0.12**	0.13**	0.07**	0.03
Panic disorder				–	0.19**	0.24**	0.14**	0.09**	0.10**	0.10**
Agoraphobia					–	0.17**	0.24**	0.27**	0.10**	0.08**
GAD						–	0.21**	0.19**	0.18**	0.06**
Specific phobia							–	0.35**	0.14**	0.04
Social phobia								–	0.10**	0.06**
OCD									–	0.06**
PTSD										–
Demographics
Marriage status	− 0.004	− 0.06**	− 0.05*	0.02	− 0.04	0.03	0.01	0.01	0.004	0.01
Employment status	0.04*	0.16**	0.03	0.06*	0.17**	0.09**	0.08**	0.07**	0.05*	0.12**
Education	0.02	− 0.17**	0.002	− 0.03	− 0.12**	− 0.04	− 0.04	− 0.03	− 0.01	− 0.01
Maternal age	− 0.07*	− 0.18**	− 0.01	− 0.04	− 0.06*	− 0.05*	− 0.08**	− 0.09**	− 0.09**	− 0.02
Smoking during pregnancy	0.01	0.13**	0.03	0.05*	0.08**	0.01	0.06**	0.04	0.01	0.09*
Alcohol during pregnancy	− 0.003	− 0.003	− 0.01	− 0.01	0.04	− 0.01	0.01	0.03	− 0.01	− 0.003
Antidepressant/anti-anxiety med.	0.01	0.12**	0.04	− 0.01	0.12*	0.08*	0.07*	0.01	0.05*	− 0.004
Childbirth-related
Primiparity	0.12**	0.05*	0.14**	− 0.01	0.05*	0.01	0.01	0.06**	− 0.01	0.00
Prematurity	0.03	0.01	0.03	0.01	0.03	0.02	0.004	− 0.02	0.01	0.09**
Child sex	0.10*	0.01	0.01	− 0.02	0.01	− 0.02	− 0.01	0.01	0.01	− 0.04*
Delivery mode	0.08*	0.01	0.08**	0.01	0.02	− .001	0.03	0.03	− 0.01	0.01
Obstetric complications	0.09**	− .01	0.05*	0.003	0.01	− 0.01	− 0.003	0.004	− 0.01	− 0.01
Infant health complications	0.03	0.01	0.04	− 0.03	− 0.01	0.02	0.0	0.03	− 0.02	− 0.01
Breastfeeding	0.01	0.11**	0.08**	0.01	0.03	0.01	0.10	0.01	− 0.03	0.001
Prenatal attachment	0.01	0.13**	− 0.06**	0.03	0.02	0.05*	0.01	0.02	0.01	− 0.004

Difficult infant temperament measured with infant characteristics questionnaire. General prenatal anxiety measured with SCL-anxiety (SCL-A) of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (SCL-25). Fear of childbirth measured with Wijma delivery expectancy/experience questionnaire version A (W-DEQ). GAD, generalized anxiety disorder; OCD, obsessive compulsive disorder; PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder. Panic disorder, agoraphobia, GAD, specific phobia, social phobia, OCD, PTSD measured with self-administered items from the mini-international neuropsychiatric interview (Mini-anxiety). Delivery mode coded (0) vaginal, (1) elective cesarean section, (2) assisted vaginal, (3) emergency cesarean section